first commit

question/format/README.txt

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+Question import/export formats
+==============================
+
+This directory contains plug-ins to supprt importing and exporting questions in
+a variety of formats.
+
+Each sub-module must contain at least a format.php file containing a class that
+contains functions for reading, writing, importing and exporting questions.
+
+For correct operation the class name must be based on the name of the plugin.
+For example:
+
+plugin: webct
+class:  class qformat_webct extends qformat_default {
+
+Most of them are based on the class found in question/format.php.
+See the comments therein for more information.

question/format/aiken/classes/privacy/provider.php

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+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_aiken.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_aiken
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_aiken\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_aiken implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/aiken/format.php

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+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Aiken format question importer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_aiken
+ * @copyright  2003 Tom Robb <tom@robb.net>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+
+/**
+ * Aiken format - a simple format for creating multiple choice questions (with
+ * only one correct choice, and no feedback).
+ *
+ * The format looks like this:
+ *
+ * Question text
+ * A) Choice #1
+ * B) Choice #2
+ * C) Choice #3
+ * D) Choice #4
+ * ANSWER: B
+ *
+ * That is,
+ *  + question text all one one line.
+ *  + then a number of choices, one to a line. Each line must comprise a letter,
+ *    then ')' or '.', then a space, then the choice text.
+ *  + Then a line of the form 'ANSWER: X' to indicate the correct answer.
+ *
+ * Be sure to word "All of the above" type choices like "All of these" in
+ * case choices are being shuffled.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2003 Tom Robb <tom@robb.net>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_aiken extends qformat_default {
+
+    public function provide_import() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function provide_export() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function validate_file(stored_file $file): string {
+        return $this->validate_is_utf8_file($file);
+    }
+
+    public function readquestions($lines) {
+        $questions = array();
+        $question = null;
+        $endchar = chr(13);
+        $linenumber = 0;
+        foreach ($lines as $line) {
+            $stp = strpos($line, $endchar, 0);
+            $newlines = explode($endchar, $line);
+            $linescount = count($newlines);
+            for ($i=0; $i < $linescount; $i++) {
+                $linenumber++;
+                $nowline = trim($newlines[$i]);
+                // Go through the array and build an object called $question
+                // When done, add $question to $questions.
+                if (strlen($nowline) < 2) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (preg_match('/^[A-Z][).][ \t]?/', $nowline)) {
+                    if (is_null($question)) {
+                        // We have a response line, but we aren't currently in a question.
+                        $this->error(get_string('questionnotstarted', 'qformat_aiken', $linenumber));
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // A choice. Trim off the label and space, then save.
+                    $question->answer[] = $this->text_field(substr($nowline, 2));
+                    $question->fraction[] = 0;
+                    $question->feedback[] = $this->text_field('');
+                } else if (preg_match('/^ANSWER:/', $nowline)) {
+                    if (is_null($question)) {
+                        // We have an answer line, but we aren't currently in a question.
+                        $this->error(get_string('questionnotstarted', 'qformat_aiken', $linenumber));
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // The line that indicates the correct answer. This question is finised.
+                    $ans = trim(substr($nowline, strpos($nowline, ':') + 1));
+                    $ans = substr($ans, 0, 1);
+                    // We want to map A to 0, B to 1, etc.
+                    $rightans = ord($ans) - ord('A');
+
+                    if (count($question->answer) < 2) {
+                        // The multichoice question requires at least 2 answers, or there will be a failure later.
+                        $this->error(get_string('questionmissinganswers', 'qformat_aiken', $linenumber), '', $question->name);
+                        $question = null;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    $question->fraction[$rightans] = 1;
+                    $questions[] = $question;
+
+                    // Clear variable for next question set.
+                    $question = null;
+                    continue;
+                } else {
+                    // Must be the first line of a new question, since no recognised prefix.
+                    if (!is_null($question)) {
+                        // In this case, there was already an open question that we didn't complete. It is being discarded.
+                        $this->error(get_string('questionnotcomplete', 'qformat_aiken', $linenumber), '', $question->name);
+                    }
+
+                    $question = $this->defaultquestion();
+                    $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+                    $question->name = $this->create_default_question_name($nowline, get_string('questionname', 'question'));
+                    $question->questiontext = htmlspecialchars(trim($nowline), ENT_NOQUOTES);
+                    $question->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+                    $question->generalfeedback = '';
+                    $question->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+                    $question->single = 1;
+                    $question->answer = array();
+                    $question->fraction = array();
+                    $question->feedback = array();
+                    $question->correctfeedback = $this->text_field('');
+                    $question->partiallycorrectfeedback = $this->text_field('');
+                    $question->incorrectfeedback = $this->text_field('');
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return $questions;
+    }
+
+    protected function text_field($text) {
+        return array(
+            'text' => htmlspecialchars(trim($text), ENT_NOQUOTES),
+            'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            'files' => array(),
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function readquestion($lines) {
+        // This is no longer needed but might still be called by default.php.
+        return;
+    }
+
+    public function exportpreprocess() {
+        // This format is not able to export categories.
+        $this->setCattofile(false);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function writequestion($question) {
+        $endchar = "\n";
+
+        // Only export multichoice questions.
+        if ($question->qtype != 'multichoice') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Do not export multichoice multi questions.
+        if (!$question->options->single) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Aiken format is not able to handle question with more than 26 answers.
+        if (count($question->options->answers) > 26) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Export the question displaying message.
+        $expout = str_replace("\n", '', question_utils::to_plain_text($question->questiontext,
+                $question->questiontextformat, array('para' => false, 'newlines' => false))) . $endchar;
+        $num = 0;
+        foreach ($question->options->answers as $answer) {
+            $number = chr(ord('A') + $num);
+            $expout .= $number . ') ' . str_replace("\n", '', question_utils::to_plain_text($answer->answer,
+                    $answer->answerformat, array('para' => false, 'newlines' => false))) . $endchar;
+            if ($answer->fraction > .99) {
+                $correctanswer = $number;
+            }
+            $num++;
+        }
+        // Add the correct answer.
+        $expout .= 'ANSWER: ' . $correctanswer;
+
+        return $expout;
+    }
+}
+
+

question/format/aiken/lang/en/qformat_aiken.php

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+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_aiken', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_aiken
+ * @copyright  2010 Helen Foster
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['pluginname'] = 'Aiken format';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'This is a simple format for importing multiple choice questions from a text file.';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'qformat/aiken';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The Aiken question format plugin does not store any personal data.';
+$string['questionmissinganswers'] = 'Question must have at least 2 answers on line {$a}';
+$string['questionnotcomplete'] = 'Question not completed before next question start on line {$a}';
+$string['questionnotstarted'] = 'Question not started on line {$a}';

question/format/aiken/tests/aikenformat_test.php

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+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the Moodle Aiken format.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_aiken
+ * @copyright  2018 Eric Merrill (eric.a.merrill@gmail.com)
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+global $CFG;
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/aiken/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/engine/tests/helpers.php');
+
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the matching question definition class.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Eric Merrill (eric.a.merrill@gmail.com)
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class aikenformat_test extends question_testcase {
+    public function test_readquestions(): void {
+        global $CFG;
+
+        $lines = file($CFG->dirroot.'/question/format/aiken/tests/fixtures/aiken_errors.txt');
+        $importer = new qformat_aiken($lines);
+
+        // The importer echos some errors, so we need to capture and check that.
+        ob_start();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+        $output = ob_get_contents();
+        ob_end_clean();
+
+        // Check that there were some expected errors.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question A question with too few answers', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Question must have at least 2 answers on line 3', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Question not started on line 5', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Question not started on line 7', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question A question started but not finished', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Question not completed before next question start on line 18', $output);
+
+        // There are three expected questions.
+        $this->assertCount(3, $questions);
+
+        $q1 = null;
+        $q2 = null;
+        $q3 = null;
+        foreach ($questions as $question) {
+            if ($question->name === 'A good question') {
+                $q1 = $question;
+            } else if ($question->name === 'A second good question') {
+                $q2 = $question;
+            } else if ($question->name === 'A third good question with HTML chars such as > < &') {
+                $q3 = $question;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check the first good question.
+        $this->assertCount(2, $q1->answer);
+        $this->assertEquals(1, $q1->fraction[0]);
+        $this->assertEquals('Correct', $q1->answer[0]['text']);
+        $this->assertEquals('Incorrect', $q1->answer[1]['text']);
+
+        // Check the second good question.
+        $this->assertCount(2, $q2->answer);
+        $this->assertEquals(1, $q2->fraction[1]);
+        $this->assertEquals('Incorrect (No space)', $q2->answer[0]['text']);
+        $this->assertEquals('Correct (No space)', $q2->answer[1]['text']);
+
+        // Check the third good question that has anwsers with special HTML chars such as <, >, and &.
+        $this->assertCount(2, $q3->answer);
+        $this->assertEquals(1, $q3->fraction[0]);
+        $this->assertEquals('Correct (&lt; &gt; &amp;)', $q3->answer[0]['text']);
+        $this->assertEquals('Incorrect (&lt; &gt; &amp;)', $q3->answer[1]['text']);
+    }
+}

question/format/aiken/tests/behat/aiken_export.feature

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+@qformat @qformat_aiken
+Feature: Test exporting questions using Aiken format.
+  In order to reuse questions
+  As an teacher
+  I need to be able to export them in Aiken format.
+
+  Background:
+    Given the following "users" exist:
+      | username | firstname | lastname | email |
+      | teacher1 | Teacher | 1 | teacher1@example.com |
+    And the following "courses" exist:
+      | fullname | shortname | category |
+      | Course 1 | C1 | 0 |
+    And the following "course enrolments" exist:
+      | user | course | role |
+      | teacher1 | C1 | editingteacher |
+    And the following "question categories" exist:
+      | contextlevel | reference | name           |
+      | Course       | C1        | Test questions |
+    And the following "questions" exist:
+      | questioncategory | qtype        | name             | template    |
+      | Test questions   | multichoice  | Multi-choice-001 | two_of_four |
+      | Test questions   | multichoice  | Multi-choice-002 | one_of_four |
+
+  Scenario: Aiken export
+    When I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question export" page logged in as "teacher1"
+    And I set the field "id_format_aiken" to "1"
+    When I press "Export questions to file"
+    Then following "click here" should download a file that:
+      | Has mimetype  | text/plain                  |
+      | Contains text | Which is the oddest number? |
+    # If the download step is the last in the scenario then we can sometimes run
+    # into the situation where the download page causes a http redirect but behat
+    # has already conducted its reset (generating an error). By putting a logout
+    # step we avoid behat doing the reset until we are off that page.
+    And I log out

question/format/aiken/tests/behat/aiken_import.feature

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+@qformat @qformat_aiken
+Feature: Test importing questions from Aiken format.
+  In order to reuse questions
+  As an teacher
+  I need to be able to import them in Aiken format.
+
+  Background:
+    Given the following "courses" exist:
+      | fullname | shortname | format |
+      | Course 1 | C1        | topics |
+    And the following "users" exist:
+      | username | firstname |
+      | teacher  | Teacher   |
+    And the following "course enrolments" exist:
+      | user    | course | role           |
+      | teacher | C1     | editingteacher |
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some Aiken questions
+    Given I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question import" page logged in as "teacher"
+    And I set the field "id_format_aiken" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/aiken/tests/fixtures/questions.aiken.txt" file to "Import" filemanager
+    When I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 2 questions from file"
+    And I should see "The Moodle project was started by:"
+    And I press "Continue"
+    And I should see "The Moodle project was started by:"

question/format/aiken/tests/fixtures/aiken_errors.txt

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+A question with too few answers
+A) Only answer
+ANSWER: A
+
+A) Question not started
+
+ANSWER: Question not started
+
+A good question
+A) Correct
+B) Incorrect
+ANSWER: A
+
+A question started but not finished
+A) Correct-ish
+B) Incorrect-ish
+
+A second good question
+A)Incorrect (No space)
+B)Correct (No space)
+ANSWER: B
+
+A third good question with HTML chars such as > < &
+A) Correct (< > &)
+B) Incorrect (< > &)
+ANSWER: A

question/format/aiken/tests/fixtures/questions.aiken.txt

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+The Moodle project was started by:
+A) Petr Skoda
+B) Martin Dougiamas
+C) Eloy Lafuente
+D) Tim Hunt
+ANSWER: B
+
+Moodle's abilities include handling user input that includes <html class="cool"> & images:
+A) True
+B) False
+ANSWER: A

question/format/aiken/tests/qformat_aiken_export_test.php

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+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+/**
+ * Unit tests for export/import description (info) for question category in the Moodle XML format.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_aiken
+ * @copyright  2018 Jean-Michel Vedrine
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+use core_question\local\bank\question_version_status;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+global $CFG;
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/aiken/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/engine/tests/helpers.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/editlib.php');
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the Aiken question format export.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Jean-Michel vedrine)
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ * @covers \qformat_aiken
+ */
+class qformat_aiken_export_test extends advanced_testcase {
+    /**
+     * Assert that 2 strings are the same, ignoring ends of line.
+     * We need to override this function because we don't want any output
+     * @param   string    $expectedtext The expected string.
+     * @param   string    $text The actual string.
+     */
+    public function assert_same_aiken($expectedtext, $text) {
+        $this->assertEquals(
+            phpunit_util::normalise_line_endings($expectedtext),
+            phpunit_util::normalise_line_endings($text)
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function test_export_questions(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        // Create a new course category and and a new course in that.
+        $category = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_category();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('category' => $category->id));
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $context = context_coursecat::instance($category->id);
+        $cat = $generator->create_question_category(array('contextid' => $context->id));
+        $question1 = $generator->create_question('shortanswer', null,
+                array('category' => $cat->id));
+        $question2 = $generator->create_question('essay', null,
+                array('category' => $cat->id));
+        $question3 = $generator->create_question('numerical', null,
+                array('category' => $cat->id));
+        $question4  = $generator->create_question('multichoice', 'one_of_four',
+                array('category' => $cat->id));
+        $question4  = $generator->create_question('multichoice', 'two_of_four',
+                array('category' => $cat->id));
+        $exporter = new qformat_aiken();
+        $exporter->category = $cat;
+        $exporter->setCourse($course);
+        $expectedoutput = <<<EOT
+Which is the oddest number?
+A) One
+B) Two
+C) Three
+D) Four
+ANSWER: A
+
+EOT;
+        $this->assert_same_aiken($expectedoutput, $exporter->exportprocess());
+    }
+
+    public function test_export_multiline_question(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        // Create a new course category and and a new course in that.
+        $category = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_category();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('category' => $category->id));
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $context = context_coursecat::instance($category->id);
+        $cat = $generator->create_question_category(array('contextid' => $context->id));
+        $question  = $generator->create_question('multichoice', 'one_of_four',
+                array('category' => $cat->id));
+        $question->questiontext = <<<EOT
+<p>Which is the</p>
+<p>oddest number?</p>
+EOT;
+        $exporter = new qformat_aiken();
+        $exporter->category = $cat;
+        $exporter->setCourse($course);
+        $expectedoutput = <<<EOT
+Which is the oddest number?
+A) One
+B) Two
+C) Three
+D) Four
+ANSWER: A
+
+EOT;
+        $this->assert_same_aiken($expectedoutput, $exporter->exportprocess());
+    }
+
+    public function test_hidden_question_not_exported(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+
+        // Create a new course category and a new course in that.
+        $category = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_category();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(['category' => $category->id]);
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $context = context_coursecat::instance($category->id);
+        $cat = $generator->create_question_category(['contextid' => $context->id]);
+
+        // Create a visible and a hidden question.
+        $generator->create_question('multichoice', 'one_of_four', [
+            'category' => $cat->id,
+            'questiontext' => ['text' => 'This question is the visible one.', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML],
+        ]);
+        $generator->create_question('multichoice', 'one_of_four', [
+            'category' => $cat->id,
+            'questiontext' => ['text' => 'This question is the hidden one.', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML],
+            'status' => question_version_status::QUESTION_STATUS_HIDDEN,
+        ]);
+
+        // Prepared the expected result.
+        $expectedoutput = <<<EOT
+This question is the visible one.
+A) One
+B) Two
+C) Three
+D) Four
+ANSWER: A
+
+EOT;
+
+        // Do the export and verify.
+        $exporter = new qformat_aiken();
+        $exporter->category = $cat;
+        $exporter->setCourse($course);
+        $this->assert_same_aiken($expectedoutput, $exporter->exportprocess());
+    }
+}

question/format/aiken/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the calculated question type.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_aiken
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_aiken';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;

question/format/blackboard_six/classes/privacy/provider.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_blackboard_six.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_blackboard_six\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_blackboard_six implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/format.php

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard V5 and V6 question importer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2005 Michael Penney
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/xmlize.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/blackboard_six/formatbase.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/blackboard_six/formatqti.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/blackboard_six/formatpool.php');
+
+/**
+ * Class to represent a Blackboard file.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2005 Michael Penney
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_blackboard_six_file {
+    /** @var int type of file being imported, one of the constants FILETYPE_QTI or FILETYPE_POOL. */
+    public $filetype;
+    /** @var string the xml text */
+    public $text;
+    /** @var string path to path to root of image tree in unzipped archive. */
+    public $filebase = '';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard Six QTI file importer class.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2005 Michael Penney
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_blackboard_six extends qformat_blackboard_six_base {
+    /** @var int Blackboard assessment qti files were always imported by the blackboard_six plugin. */
+    const FILETYPE_QTI = 1;
+    /** @var int Blackboard question pool files were previously handled by the blackboard plugin. */
+    const FILETYPE_POOL = 2;
+    /** @var string temporary directory/folder.  */
+    public $temp_dir;
+
+    /**
+     * Return the content of a file given by its path in the tempdir directory.
+     *
+     * @param string $path path to the file inside tempdir
+     * @return mixed contents array or false on failure
+     */
+    public function get_filecontent($path) {
+        $fullpath = $this->tempdir . '/' . clean_param($path, PARAM_PATH);
+        if (is_file($fullpath) && is_readable($fullpath)) {
+            return file_get_contents($fullpath);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return content of all files containing questions,
+     * as an array one element for each file found,
+     * For each file, the corresponding element is an array of lines.
+     *
+     * @param string $filename name of file
+     * @return mixed contents array or false on failure
+     */
+    public function readdata($filename) {
+        global $CFG;
+
+        // Find if we are importing a .dat file.
+        if (strtolower(pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION)) == 'dat') {
+            if (!is_readable($filename)) {
+                $this->error(get_string('filenotreadable', 'error'));
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            $fileobj = new qformat_blackboard_six_file();
+
+            // As we are not importing a .zip file,
+            // there is no imsmanifest, and it is not possible
+            // to parse it to find the file type.
+            // So we need to guess the file type by looking at the content.
+            // For now we will do that searching for a required tag.
+            // This is certainly not bullet-proof but works for all usual files.
+            $fileobj->text = file_get_contents($filename);
+            if (strpos($fileobj->text, '<questestinterop>')) {
+                $fileobj->filetype = self::FILETYPE_QTI;
+            }
+            if (strpos($fileobj->text, '<POOL>')) {
+                $fileobj->filetype = self::FILETYPE_POOL;
+            }
+            // In all other cases we are not able to handle this question file.
+
+            // Readquestions is now expecting an array of strings.
+            return array($fileobj);
+        }
+        // We are importing a zip file.
+        // Create name for temporary directory.
+        $uniquecode = time();
+        $this->tempdir = make_temp_directory('bbquiz_import/' . $uniquecode);
+        if (is_readable($filename)) {
+            if (!copy($filename, $this->tempdir . '/bboard.zip')) {
+                $this->error(get_string('cannotcopybackup', 'question'));
+                fulldelete($this->tempdir);
+                return false;
+            }
+            $packer = get_file_packer('application/zip');
+            if ($packer->extract_to_pathname($this->tempdir . '/bboard.zip', $this->tempdir)) {
+                $dom = new DomDocument();
+
+                if (!$dom->load($this->tempdir . '/imsmanifest.xml')) {
+                    $this->error(get_string('errormanifest', 'qformat_blackboard_six'));
+                    fulldelete($this->tempdir);
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                $xpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
+
+                // We starts from the root element.
+                $query = '//resources/resource';
+                $qfile = array();
+
+                $examfiles = $xpath->query($query);
+                foreach ($examfiles as $examfile) {
+                    $fileobj = new qformat_blackboard_six_file();
+
+                    if ($examfile->getAttribute('type') == 'assessment/x-bb-qti-test'
+                            || $examfile->getAttribute('type') == 'assessment/x-bb-qti-pool') {
+
+                        if ($content = $this->get_filecontent($examfile->getAttribute('bb:file'))) {
+                            $fileobj->filetype = self::FILETYPE_QTI;
+                            $fileobj->filebase = $this->tempdir;
+                            $fileobj->text = $content;
+                            $qfile[] = $fileobj;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ($examfile->getAttribute('type') == 'assessment/x-bb-pool') {
+                        if ($examfile->getAttribute('baseurl')) {
+                            $fileobj->filebase = $this->tempdir. '/' . clean_param($examfile->getAttribute('baseurl'), PARAM_PATH);
+                        }
+                        if ($content = $this->get_filecontent($examfile->getAttribute('file'))) {
+                            $fileobj->filetype = self::FILETYPE_POOL;
+                            $fileobj->text = $content;
+                            $qfile[] = $fileobj;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if ($qfile) {
+                    return $qfile;
+                } else {
+                    $this->error(get_string('cannotfindquestionfile', 'question'));
+                    fulldelete($this->tempdir);
+                }
+            } else {
+                $this->error(get_string('cannotunzip', 'question'));
+                fulldelete($this->temp_dir);
+            }
+        } else {
+            $this->error(get_string('cannotreaduploadfile', 'error'));
+            fulldelete($this->tempdir);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse the array of objects into an array of questions.
+     * Each object is the content of a .dat questions file.
+     * This *could* burn memory - but it won't happen that much
+     * so fingers crossed!
+     *
+     * @param array $lines array of qformat_blackboard_six_file objects for each input file.
+     * @return array (of objects) question objects.
+     */
+    public function readquestions($lines) {
+
+        // Set up array to hold all our questions.
+        $questions = array();
+
+        // Each element of $lines is a qformat_blackboard_six_file object.
+        foreach ($lines as $fileobj) {
+            if ($fileobj->filetype == self::FILETYPE_QTI) {
+                $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six_qti();
+            } else if ($fileobj->filetype == self::FILETYPE_POOL) {
+                $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six_pool();
+            } else {
+                // In all other cases we are not able to import the file.
+                debugging('fileobj type not recognised', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
+                continue;
+            }
+            $importer->set_filebase($fileobj->filebase);
+            $questions = array_merge($questions, $importer->readquestions($fileobj->text));
+        }
+
+        // Give any unnamed categories generated names.
+        $unnamedcount = 0;
+        foreach ($questions as $question) {
+            if ($question->qtype == 'category' && $question->category == '') {
+                $question->category = get_string('importedcategory', 'qformat_blackboard_six', ++$unnamedcount);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $questions;
+    }
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/formatbase.php

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard V5 and V6 question importer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2012 Jean-Michel Vedrine
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Base class question import format for zip files with images
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2012 Jean-Michel Vedrine
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_blackboard_six_base extends qformat_based_on_xml {
+    /** @var string path to path to root of image tree in unzipped archive. */
+    public $filebase = '';
+    /** @var string path to the temporary directory. */
+    public $tempdir = '';
+
+    /**
+     * This plugin provide import
+     * @return bool true
+     */
+    public function provide_import() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the given file is capable of being imported by this plugin.
+     * As {@link file_storage::mimetype()} may use finfo PHP extension if available,
+     * the value returned by $file->get_mimetype for a .dat file is not the same on all servers.
+     * So we must made 2 checks to verify if the plugin can import the file.
+     * @param stored_file $file the file to check
+     * @return bool whether this plugin can import the file
+     */
+    public function can_import_file($file) {
+        $mimetypes = array(
+            mimeinfo('type', '.dat'),
+            mimeinfo('type', '.zip')
+        );
+        return in_array($file->get_mimetype(), $mimetypes) || in_array(mimeinfo('type', $file->get_filename()), $mimetypes);
+    }
+
+    public function mime_type() {
+        return mimeinfo('type', '.zip');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Does any post-processing that may be desired
+     * Clean the temporary directory if a zip file was imported
+     * @return bool success
+     */
+    public function importpostprocess() {
+        if ($this->tempdir != '') {
+            fulldelete($this->tempdir);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Set the path to the root of images tree
+     * @param string $path path to images root
+     */
+    public function set_filebase($path) {
+        $this->filebase = $path;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Store an image file in a draft filearea
+     * @param array $text, if itemid element don't exists it will be created
+     * @param string $tempdir path to root of image tree
+     * @param string $filepathinsidetempdir path to image in the tree
+     * @param string $filename image's name
+     * @return string new name of the image as it was stored
+     */
+    protected function store_file_for_text_field(&$text, $tempdir, $filepathinsidetempdir, $filename) {
+        global $USER;
+        $fs = get_file_storage();
+        if (empty($text['itemid'])) {
+            $text['itemid'] = file_get_unused_draft_itemid();
+        }
+        // As question file areas don't support subdirs,
+        // convert path to filename.
+        // So that images with same name can be imported.
+        $newfilename = clean_param(str_replace('/', '__', $filepathinsidetempdir . '__' . $filename), PARAM_FILE);
+        $filerecord = array(
+            'contextid' => context_user::instance($USER->id)->id,
+            'component' => 'user',
+            'filearea'  => 'draft',
+            'itemid'    => $text['itemid'],
+            'filepath'  => '/',
+            'filename'  => $newfilename,
+        );
+        $fs->create_file_from_pathname($filerecord, $tempdir . '/' . $filepathinsidetempdir . '/' . $filename);
+        return $newfilename;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Given an HTML text with references to images files,
+     * store all images in a draft filearea,
+     * and return an array with all urls in text recoded,
+     * format set to FORMAT_HTML, and itemid set to filearea itemid
+     * @param string $text text to parse and recode
+     * @return array with keys text, format, itemid.
+     */
+    public function text_field($text) {
+        $data = array();
+        // Step one, find all file refs then add to array.
+        preg_match_all('|<img[^>]+src="([^"]*)"|i', $text, $out); // Find all src refs.
+        $filepaths = array();
+        foreach ($out[1] as $path) {
+            $fullpath = $this->filebase . '/' . $path;
+
+            if (is_readable($fullpath) && !in_array($path, $filepaths)) {
+                $dirpath = dirname($path);
+                $filename = basename($path);
+                $newfilename = $this->store_file_for_text_field($data, $this->filebase, $dirpath, $filename);
+                $text = preg_replace("|{$path}|", "@@PLUGINFILE@@/" . $newfilename, $text);
+                $filepaths[] = $path;
+            }
+
+        }
+        $data['text'] = $text;
+        $data['format'] = FORMAT_HTML;
+        return $data;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Same as text_field but text is cleaned.
+     * @param string $text text to parse and recode
+     * @return array with keys text, format, itemid.
+     */
+    public function cleaned_text_field($text) {
+        return $this->text_field($this->cleaninput($text));
+    }
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/formatpool.php

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard V5 and V6 question importer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2003 Scott Elliott
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/xmlize.php');
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard pool question importer class.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2003 Scott Elliott
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_blackboard_six_pool extends qformat_blackboard_six_base {
+    /**
+     * @var bool Is the current question's question text escaped HTML
+     * (true for most if not all Blackboard files).
+     */
+    public $ishtml = true;
+
+    /**
+     * Parse the xml document into an array of questions
+     *
+     * This *could* burn memory - but it won't happen that much
+     * so fingers crossed!
+     *
+     * @param array $text array of lines from the input file.
+     * @return array (of objects) questions objects.
+     */
+    protected function readquestions($text) {
+
+        // This converts xml to big nasty data structure,
+        // the 0 means keep white space as it is.
+        try {
+            $xml = xmlize($text, 0, 'UTF-8', true);
+        } catch (xml_format_exception $e) {
+            $this->error($e->getMessage(), '');
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $questions = array();
+
+        $this->process_category($xml, $questions);
+
+        $this->process_tf($xml, $questions);
+        $this->process_mc($xml, $questions);
+        $this->process_ma($xml, $questions);
+        $this->process_fib($xml, $questions);
+        $this->process_matching($xml, $questions);
+        $this->process_essay($xml, $questions);
+
+        return $questions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Do question import processing common to every qtype.
+     *
+     * @param array $questiondata the xml tree related to the current question
+     * @return object initialized question object.
+     */
+    public function process_common($questiondata) {
+
+        // This routine initialises the question object.
+        $question = $this->defaultquestion();
+
+        // Determine if the question is already escaped html.
+        $this->ishtml = $this->getpath($questiondata,
+                array('#', 'BODY', 0, '#', 'FLAGS', 0, '#', 'ISHTML', 0, '@', 'value'),
+                false, false);
+
+        // Put questiontext in question object.
+        $text = $this->getpath($questiondata,
+                array('#', 'BODY', 0, '#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'),
+                '', true, get_string('importnotext', 'qformat_blackboard_six'));
+
+        $questiontext = $this->cleaned_text_field($text);
+        $question->questiontext = $questiontext['text'];
+        $question->questiontextformat = $questiontext['format']; // Needed because add_blank_combined_feedback uses it.
+        if (isset($questiontext['itemid'])) {
+            $question->questiontextitemid = $questiontext['itemid'];
+        }
+
+        // Put name in question object. We must ensure it is not empty and it is less than 250 chars.
+        $id = $this->getpath($questiondata, array('@', 'id'), '',  true);
+        $question->name = $this->create_default_question_name($question->questiontext,
+                get_string('defaultname', 'qformat_blackboard_six' , $id));
+
+        $question->generalfeedback = '';
+        $question->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $question->generalfeedbackfiles = array();
+
+        // TODO : read the mark from the POOL TITLE QUESTIONLIST section.
+        $question->defaultmark = 1;
+        return $question;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a category question entry based on the pool file title
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_category($xml, &$questions) {
+        $title = $this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'TITLE', 0, '@', 'value'), '', true);
+
+        $dummyquestion = new stdClass();
+        $dummyquestion->qtype = 'category';
+        $dummyquestion->category = $this->cleaninput($this->clean_question_name($title));
+
+        $questions[] = $dummyquestion;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Essay Questions
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_essay($xml, &$questions) {
+
+        if ($this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_ESSAY'), false, false)) {
+            $essayquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                    array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_ESSAY'), false, false);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($essayquestions as $thisquestion) {
+
+            $question = $this->process_common($thisquestion);
+
+            $question->qtype = 'essay';
+
+            $question->answer = '';
+            $answer = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'ANSWER', 0, '#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true);
+            $question->graderinfo = $this->cleaned_text_field($answer);
+            $question->responsetemplate = $this->text_field('');
+            $question->feedback = '';
+            $question->responseformat = 'editor';
+            $question->responserequired = 1;
+            $question->responsefieldlines = 15;
+            $question->attachments = 0;
+            $question->attachmentsrequired = 0;
+            $question->fraction = 0;
+
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process True / False Questions
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_tf($xml, &$questions) {
+
+        if ($this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_TRUEFALSE'), false, false)) {
+            $tfquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                    array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_TRUEFALSE'), false, false);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($tfquestions as $thisquestion) {
+
+            $question = $this->process_common($thisquestion);
+
+            $question->qtype = 'truefalse';
+            $question->single = 1; // Only one answer is allowed.
+
+            $choices = $this->getpath($thisquestion, array('#', 'ANSWER'), array(), false);
+
+            $correctanswer = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'CORRECTANSWER', 0, '@', 'answer_id'),
+                    '', true);
+
+            // First choice is true, second is false.
+            $id = $this->getpath($choices[0], array('@', 'id'), '', true);
+            $correctfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $incorrectfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            if (strcmp($id,  $correctanswer) == 0) {  // True is correct.
+                $question->answer = 1;
+                $question->feedbacktrue = $this->cleaned_text_field($correctfeedback);
+                $question->feedbackfalse = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+            } else {  // False is correct.
+                $question->answer = 0;
+                $question->feedbacktrue = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+                $question->feedbackfalse = $this->cleaned_text_field($correctfeedback);
+            }
+            $question->correctanswer = $question->answer;
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Multiple Choice Questions with single answer
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_mc($xml, &$questions) {
+
+        if ($this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE'), false, false)) {
+            $mcquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                    array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE'), false, false);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($mcquestions as $thisquestion) {
+
+            $question = $this->process_common($thisquestion);
+
+            $correctfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $incorrectfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $question->correctfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($correctfeedback);
+            $question->partiallycorrectfeedback = $this->text_field('');
+            $question->incorrectfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+
+            $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+            $question->single = 1; // Only one answer is allowed.
+
+            $choices = $this->getpath($thisquestion, array('#', 'ANSWER'), false, false);
+            $correctanswerid = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                        array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'CORRECTANSWER', 0, '@', 'answer_id'),
+                        '', true);
+            foreach ($choices as $choice) {
+                $choicetext = $this->getpath($choice, array('#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                // Put this choice in the question object.
+                $question->answer[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($choicetext);
+
+                $choiceid = $this->getpath($choice, array('@', 'id'), '', true);
+                // If choice is the right answer, give 100% mark, otherwise give 0%.
+                if (strcmp ($choiceid, $correctanswerid) == 0) {
+                    $question->fraction[] = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $question->fraction[] = 0;
+                }
+                // There is never feedback specific to each choice.
+                $question->feedback[] = $this->text_field('');
+            }
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Multiple Choice Questions With Multiple Answers
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_ma($xml, &$questions) {
+        if ($this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_MULTIPLEANSWER'), false, false)) {
+            $maquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                    array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_MULTIPLEANSWER'), false, false);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($maquestions as $thisquestion) {
+            $question = $this->process_common($thisquestion);
+
+            $correctfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $incorrectfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $question->correctfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($correctfeedback);
+            // As there is no partially correct feedback we use incorrect one.
+            $question->partiallycorrectfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+            $question->incorrectfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+
+            $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+            $question->defaultmark = 1;
+            $question->single = 0; // More than one answers allowed.
+
+            $choices = $this->getpath($thisquestion, array('#', 'ANSWER'), false, false);
+            $correctanswerids = array();
+            foreach ($this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'CORRECTANSWER'), false, false) as $correctanswer) {
+                if ($correctanswer) {
+                    $correctanswerids[] = $this->getpath($correctanswer,
+                            array('@', 'answer_id'),
+                            '', true);
+                }
+            }
+            $fraction = 1 / count($correctanswerids);
+
+            foreach ($choices as $choice) {
+                $choicetext = $this->getpath($choice, array('#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                // Put this choice in the question object.
+                $question->answer[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($choicetext);
+
+                $choiceid = $this->getpath($choice, array('@', 'id'), '', true);
+
+                $iscorrect = in_array($choiceid, $correctanswerids);
+
+                if ($iscorrect) {
+                    $question->fraction[] = $fraction;
+                } else {
+                    $question->fraction[] = 0;
+                }
+                // There is never feedback specific to each choice.
+                $question->feedback[] = $this->text_field('');
+            }
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Fill in the Blank Questions
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_fib($xml, &$questions) {
+        if ($this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_FILLINBLANK'), false, false)) {
+            $fibquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                    array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_FILLINBLANK'), false, false);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($fibquestions as $thisquestion) {
+
+            $question = $this->process_common($thisquestion);
+
+            $question->qtype = 'shortanswer';
+            $question->usecase = 0; // Ignore case.
+
+            $correctfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $incorrectfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $answers = $this->getpath($thisquestion, array('#', 'ANSWER'), false, false);
+            foreach ($answers as $answer) {
+                $question->answer[] = $this->getpath($answer,
+                        array('#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                $question->fraction[] = 1;
+                $question->feedback[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($correctfeedback);
+            }
+            $question->answer[] = '*';
+            $question->fraction[] = 0;
+            $question->feedback[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Matching Questions
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_matching($xml, &$questions) {
+        if ($this->getpath($xml, array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_MATCH'), false, false)) {
+            $matchquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                    array('POOL', '#', 'QUESTION_MATCH'), false, false);
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
+        // Blackboard questions can't be imported in core Moodle without a loss in data,
+        // as core match question don't allow HTML in subanswers. The contributed ddmatch
+        // question type support HTML in subanswers.
+        // The ddmatch question type is not part of core, so we need to check if it is defined.
+        $ddmatchisinstalled = question_bank::is_qtype_installed('ddmatch');
+
+        foreach ($matchquestions as $thisquestion) {
+
+            $question = $this->process_common($thisquestion);
+            if ($ddmatchisinstalled) {
+                $question->qtype = 'ddmatch';
+            } else {
+                $question->qtype = 'match';
+            }
+
+            $correctfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $incorrectfeedback = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT', 0, '#'),
+                    '', true);
+            $question->correctfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($correctfeedback);
+            // As there is no partially correct feedback we use incorrect one.
+            $question->partiallycorrectfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+            $question->incorrectfeedback = $this->cleaned_text_field($incorrectfeedback);
+
+            $choices = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'CHOICE'), false, false); // Blackboard "choices" are Moodle subanswers.
+            $answers = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'ANSWER'), false, false); // Blackboard "answers" are Moodle subquestions.
+            $correctanswers = $this->getpath($thisquestion,
+                    array('#', 'GRADABLE', 0, '#', 'CORRECTANSWER'), false, false); // Mapping between choices and answers.
+            $mappings = array();
+            foreach ($correctanswers as $correctanswer) {
+                if ($correctanswer) {
+                    $correctchoiceid = $this->getpath($correctanswer,
+                                array('@', 'choice_id'), '', true);
+                    $correctanswerid = $this->getpath($correctanswer,
+                            array('@', 'answer_id'),
+                            '', true);
+                    $mappings[$correctanswerid] = $correctchoiceid;
+                }
+            }
+
+            foreach ($choices as $choice) {
+                if ($ddmatchisinstalled) {
+                    $choicetext = $this->cleaned_text_field($this->getpath($choice,
+                            array('#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true));
+                } else {
+                    $choicetext = trim(strip_tags($this->getpath($choice,
+                            array('#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true)));
+                }
+
+                if ($choicetext != '') { // Only import non empty subanswers.
+                    $subquestion = '';
+                    $choiceid = $this->getpath($choice,
+                            array('@', 'id'), '', true);
+                    $fiber = array_search($choiceid, $mappings);
+                    $fiber = moodle_array_keys_filter($mappings, $choiceid);
+                    foreach ($fiber as $correctanswerid) {
+                        // We have found a correspondance for this choice so we need to take the associated answer.
+                        foreach ($answers as $answer) {
+                            $currentanswerid = $this->getpath($answer,
+                                    array('@', 'id'), '', true);
+                            if (strcmp ($currentanswerid, $correctanswerid) == 0) {
+                                $subquestion = $this->getpath($answer,
+                                        array('#', 'TEXT', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        $question->subquestions[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($subquestion);
+                        $question->subanswers[] = $choicetext;
+                    }
+
+                    if ($subquestion == '') { // Then in this case, $choice is a distractor.
+                        $question->subquestions[] = $this->text_field('');
+                        $question->subanswers[] = $choicetext;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Verify that this matching question has enough subquestions and subanswers.
+            $subquestioncount = 0;
+            $subanswercount = 0;
+            $subanswers = $question->subanswers;
+            foreach ($question->subquestions as $key => $subquestion) {
+                $subquestion = $subquestion['text'];
+                $subanswer = $subanswers[$key];
+                if ($subquestion != '') {
+                    $subquestioncount++;
+                }
+                $subanswercount++;
+            }
+            if ($subquestioncount < 2 || $subanswercount < 3) {
+                    $this->error(get_string('notenoughtsubans', 'qformat_blackboard_six', $question->questiontext));
+            } else {
+                $questions[] = $question;
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/formatqti.php

@@ -0,0 +1,914 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard V5 and V6 question importer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2005 Michael Penney
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/xmlize.php');
+
+/**
+ * Blackboard 6.0 question importer.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2005 Michael Penney
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_blackboard_six_qti extends qformat_blackboard_six_base {
+    /**
+     * Parse the xml document into an array of questions
+     * this *could* burn memory - but it won't happen that much
+     * so fingers crossed!
+     * @param array $text array of lines from the input file.
+     * @return array (of objects) questions objects.
+     */
+    protected function readquestions($text) {
+
+        // This converts xml to big nasty data structure,
+        // the 0 means keep white space as it is.
+        try {
+            $xml = xmlize($text, 0, 'UTF-8', true);
+        } catch (xml_format_exception $e) {
+            $this->error($e->getMessage(), '');
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $questions = array();
+
+        // Treat the assessment title as a category title.
+        $this->process_category($xml, $questions);
+
+        // First step : we are only interested in the <item> tags.
+        $rawquestions = $this->getpath($xml,
+                array('questestinterop', '#', 'assessment', 0, '#', 'section', 0, '#', 'item'),
+                array(), false);
+        // Each <item> tag contains data related to a single question.
+        foreach ($rawquestions as $quest) {
+            // Second step : parse each question data into the intermediate
+            // rawquestion structure array.
+            // Warning : rawquestions are not Moodle questions.
+            $question = $this->create_raw_question($quest);
+            // Third step : convert a rawquestion into a Moodle question.
+            switch($question->qtype) {
+                case "Matching":
+                    $this->process_matching($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                case "Multiple Choice":
+                    $this->process_mc($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                case "Essay":
+                    $this->process_essay($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                case "Multiple Answer":
+                    $this->process_ma($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                case "True/False":
+                    $this->process_tf($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                case 'Fill in the Blank':
+                    $this->process_fblank($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                case 'Short Response':
+                    $this->process_essay($question, $questions);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    $this->error(get_string('unknownorunhandledtype', 'question', $question->qtype));
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        return $questions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a cleaner object to deal with for processing into Moodle.
+     * The object returned is NOT a moodle question object.
+     * @param array $quest XML <item> question  data
+     * @return object rawquestion
+     */
+    public function create_raw_question($quest) {
+
+        $rawquestion = new stdClass();
+        $rawquestion->qtype = $this->getpath($quest,
+                array('#', 'itemmetadata', 0, '#', 'bbmd_questiontype', 0, '#'),
+                '', true);
+        $rawquestion->id = $this->getpath($quest,
+                array('#', 'itemmetadata', 0, '#', 'bbmd_asi_object_id', 0, '#'),
+                '', true);
+        $presentation = new stdClass();
+        $presentation->blocks = $this->getpath($quest,
+                array('#', 'presentation', 0, '#', 'flow', 0, '#', 'flow'),
+                array(), false);
+
+        foreach ($presentation->blocks as $pblock) {
+            $block = new stdClass();
+            $block->type = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                    array('@', 'class'),
+                    '', true);
+
+            switch($block->type) {
+                case 'QUESTION_BLOCK':
+                    $subblocks = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                            array('#', 'flow'),
+                            array(), false);
+                    foreach ($subblocks as $sblock) {
+                        $this->process_block($sblock, $block);
+                    }
+                    break;
+
+                case 'RESPONSE_BLOCK':
+                    $choices = null;
+                    switch($rawquestion->qtype) {
+                        case 'Matching':
+                            $bbsubquestions = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                                    array('#', 'flow'),
+                                    array(), false);
+                            foreach ($bbsubquestions as $bbsubquestion) {
+                                $subquestion = new stdClass();
+                                $subquestion->ident = $this->getpath($bbsubquestion,
+                                        array('#', 'response_lid', 0, '@', 'ident'),
+                                        '', true);
+                                $this->process_block($this->getpath($bbsubquestion,
+                                        array('#', 'flow', 0),
+                                        false, false), $subquestion);
+                                $bbchoices = $this->getpath($bbsubquestion,
+                                        array('#', 'response_lid', 0, '#', 'render_choice', 0,
+                                        '#', 'flow_label', 0, '#', 'response_label'),
+                                        array(), false);
+                                $choices = array();
+                                $this->process_choices($bbchoices, $choices);
+                                $subquestion->choices = $choices;
+                                if (!isset($block->subquestions)) {
+                                    $block->subquestions = array();
+                                }
+                                $block->subquestions[] = $subquestion;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        case 'Multiple Answer':
+                            $bbchoices = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                                    array('#', 'response_lid', 0, '#', 'render_choice', 0, '#', 'flow_label'),
+                                    array(), false);
+                            $choices = array();
+                            $this->process_choices($bbchoices, $choices);
+                            $block->choices = $choices;
+                            break;
+                        case 'Essay':
+                            // Doesn't apply since the user responds with text input.
+                            break;
+                        case 'Multiple Choice':
+                            $mcchoices = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                                    array('#', 'response_lid', 0, '#', 'render_choice', 0, '#', 'flow_label'),
+                                    array(), false);
+                            foreach ($mcchoices as $mcchoice) {
+                                $choices = new stdClass();
+                                $choices = $this->process_block($mcchoice, $choices);
+                                $block->choices[] = $choices;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        case 'Short Response':
+                            // Do nothing?
+                            break;
+                        case 'Fill in the Blank':
+                            // Do nothing?
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            $bbchoices = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                                    array('#', 'response_lid', 0, '#', 'render_choice', 0, '#',
+                                    'flow_label', 0, '#', 'response_label'),
+                                    array(), false);
+                            $choices = array();
+                            $this->process_choices($bbchoices, $choices);
+                            $block->choices = $choices;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 'RIGHT_MATCH_BLOCK':
+                    $matchinganswerset = $this->getpath($pblock,
+                            array('#', 'flow'),
+                            false, false);
+
+                    $answerset = array();
+                    foreach ($matchinganswerset as $answer) {
+                        $bbanswer = new stdClass;
+                        $bbanswer->text = $this->getpath($answer,
+                                array('#', 'flow', 0, '#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mat_extension',
+                                0, '#', 'mat_formattedtext', 0, '#'),
+                                false, false);
+                        $answerset[] = $bbanswer;
+                    }
+                    $block->matchinganswerset = $answerset;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    $this->error(get_string('unhandledpresblock', 'qformat_blackboard_six'));
+                    break;
+            }
+            $rawquestion->{$block->type} = $block;
+        }
+
+        // Determine response processing.
+        // There is a section called 'outcomes' that I don't know what to do with.
+        $resprocessing = $this->getpath($quest,
+                array('#', 'resprocessing'),
+                array(), false);
+
+        $respconditions = $this->getpath($resprocessing[0],
+                array('#', 'respcondition'),
+                array(), false);
+        $responses = array();
+        if ($rawquestion->qtype == 'Matching') {
+            $this->process_matching_responses($respconditions, $responses);
+        } else {
+            $this->process_responses($respconditions, $responses);
+        }
+        $rawquestion->responses = $responses;
+        $feedbackset = $this->getpath($quest,
+                array('#', 'itemfeedback'),
+                array(), false);
+
+        $feedbacks = array();
+        $this->process_feedback($feedbackset, $feedbacks);
+        $rawquestion->feedback = $feedbacks;
+        return $rawquestion;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function to process an XML block into an object.
+     * Can call himself recursively if necessary to parse this branch of the XML tree.
+     * @param array $curblock XML block to parse
+     * @param object $block block already parsed so far
+     * @return object $block parsed
+     */
+    public function process_block($curblock, $block) {
+
+        $curtype = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                array('@', 'class'),
+                '', true);
+
+        switch($curtype) {
+            case 'FORMATTED_TEXT_BLOCK':
+                $text = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                        array('#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mat_extension', 0, '#', 'mat_formattedtext', 0, '#'),
+                        '', true);
+                $block->text = $this->strip_applet_tags_get_mathml($text);
+                break;
+            case 'FILE_BLOCK':
+                $block->filename = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                        array('#', 'material', 0, '#'),
+                        '', true);
+                if ($block->filename != '') {
+                    // TODO : determine what to do with the file's content.
+                    $this->error(get_string('filenothandled', 'qformat_blackboard_six', $block->filename));
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'Block':
+                if ($this->getpath($curblock,
+                        array('#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mattext'),
+                        false, false)) {
+                    $block->text = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                            array('#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mattext', 0, '#'),
+                            '', true);
+                } else if ($this->getpath($curblock,
+                        array('#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mat_extension', 0, '#', 'mat_formattedtext'),
+                        false, false)) {
+                    $block->text = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                            array('#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mat_extension', 0, '#', 'mat_formattedtext', 0, '#'),
+                            '', true);
+                } else if ($this->getpath($curblock,
+                        array('#', 'response_label'),
+                        false, false)) {
+                    // This is a response label block.
+                    $subblocks = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                            array('#', 'response_label', 0),
+                            array(), false);
+                    if (!isset($block->ident)) {
+
+                        if ($this->getpath($subblocks,
+                                array('@', 'ident'), '', true)) {
+                            $block->ident = $this->getpath($subblocks,
+                                array('@', 'ident'), '', true);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    foreach ($this->getpath($subblocks,
+                            array('#', 'flow_mat'), array(), false) as $subblock) {
+                        $this->process_block($subblock, $block);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if ($this->getpath($curblock,
+                                array('#', 'flow_mat'), false, false)
+                            || $this->getpath($curblock,
+                                array('#', 'flow'), false, false)) {
+                        if ($this->getpath($curblock,
+                                array('#', 'flow_mat'), false, false)) {
+                            $subblocks = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                                    array('#', 'flow_mat'), array(), false);
+                        } else if ($this->getpath($curblock,
+                                array('#', 'flow'), false, false)) {
+                            $subblocks = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                                    array('#', 'flow'), array(), false);
+                        }
+                        foreach ($subblocks as $sblock) {
+                            // This will recursively grab the sub blocks which should be of one of the other types.
+                            $this->process_block($sblock, $block);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'LINK_BLOCK':
+                // Not sure how this should be included?
+                $link = $this->getpath($curblock,
+                            array('#', 'material', 0, '#', 'mattext', 0, '@', 'uri'), '', true);
+                if (!empty($link)) {
+                    $block->link = $link;
+                } else {
+                    $block->link = '';
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+        return $block;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Preprocess XML blocks containing data for questions' choices.
+     * Called by {@link create_raw_question()}
+     * for matching, multichoice and fill in the blank questions.
+     * @param array $bbchoices XML block to parse
+     * @param array $choices array of choices suitable for a rawquestion.
+     */
+    protected function process_choices($bbchoices, &$choices) {
+        foreach ($bbchoices as $choice) {
+            if ($this->getpath($choice,
+                    array('@', 'ident'), '', true)) {
+                $curchoice = $this->getpath($choice,
+                        array('@', 'ident'), '', true);
+            } else { // For multiple answers.
+                $curchoice = $this->getpath($choice,
+                         array('#', 'response_label', 0), array(), false);
+            }
+            if ($this->getpath($choice,
+                    array('#', 'flow_mat', 0), false, false)) { // For multiple answers.
+                $curblock = $this->getpath($choice,
+                    array('#', 'flow_mat', 0), false, false);
+                // Reset $curchoice to new stdClass because process_block is expecting an object
+                // for the second argument and not a string,
+                // which is what is was set as originally - CT 8/7/06.
+                $curchoice = new stdClass();
+                $this->process_block($curblock, $curchoice);
+            } else if ($this->getpath($choice,
+                    array('#', 'response_label'), false, false)) {
+                // Reset $curchoice to new stdClass because process_block is expecting an object
+                // for the second argument and not a string,
+                // which is what is was set as originally - CT 8/7/06.
+                $curchoice = new stdClass();
+                $this->process_block($choice, $curchoice);
+            }
+            $choices[] = $curchoice;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Preprocess XML blocks containing data for subanswers
+     * Called by {@link create_raw_question()}
+     * for matching questions only.
+     * @param array $bbresponses XML block to parse
+     * @param array $responses array of responses suitable for a matching rawquestion.
+     */
+    protected function process_matching_responses($bbresponses, &$responses) {
+        foreach ($bbresponses as $bbresponse) {
+            $response = new stdClass;
+            if ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'varequal'), false, false)) {
+                $response->correct = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'varequal', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                $response->ident = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'varequal', 0, '@', 'respident'), '', true);
+            }
+            // Suppressed an else block because if the above if condition is false,
+            // the question is not necessary a broken one, most of the time it's an <other> tag.
+
+            $response->feedback = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('#', 'displayfeedback', 0, '@', 'linkrefid'), '', true);
+            $responses[] = $response;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Preprocess XML blocks containing data for responses processing.
+     * Called by {@link create_raw_question()}
+     * for all questions types.
+     * @param array $bbresponses XML block to parse
+     * @param array $responses array of responses suitable for a rawquestion.
+     */
+    protected function process_responses($bbresponses, &$responses) {
+        foreach ($bbresponses as $bbresponse) {
+            $response = new stdClass();
+            if ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('@', 'title'), '', true)) {
+                $response->title = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('@', 'title'), '', true);
+            } else {
+                $response->title = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'displayfeedback', 0, '@', 'linkrefid'), '', true);
+            }
+            $response->ident = array();
+            if ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#'), false, false)) {
+                $response->ident[0] = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#'), array(), false);
+            } else if ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'other', 0, '#'), false, false)) {
+                $response->ident[0] = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'other', 0, '#'), array(), false);
+            }
+            if ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'and'), false, false)) {
+                $responseset = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                    array('#', 'conditionvar', 0, '#', 'and'), array(), false);
+                foreach ($responseset as $rs) {
+                    $response->ident[] = $this->getpath($rs, array('#'), array(), false);
+                    if (!isset($response->feedback) and $this->getpath($rs, array('@'), false, false)) {
+                        $response->feedback = $this->getpath($rs,
+                                array('@', 'respident'), '', true);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                $response->feedback = $this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'displayfeedback', 0, '@', 'linkrefid'), '', true);
+            }
+
+            // Determine what fraction to give response.
+            if ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'setvar'), false, false)) {
+                switch ($this->getpath($bbresponse,
+                        array('#', 'setvar', 0, '#'), false, false)) {
+                    case "SCORE.max":
+                        $response->fraction = 1;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        // I have only seen this being 0 or unset.
+                        // There are probably fractional values of SCORE.max, but I'm not sure what they look like.
+                        $response->fraction = 0;
+                        break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Just going to assume this is the case this is probably not correct.
+                $response->fraction = 0;
+            }
+
+            $responses[] = $response;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Preprocess XML blocks containing data for responses feedbacks.
+     * Called by {@link create_raw_question()}
+     * for all questions types.
+     * @param array $feedbackset XML block to parse
+     * @param array $feedbacks array of feedbacks suitable for a rawquestion.
+     */
+    public function process_feedback($feedbackset, &$feedbacks) {
+        foreach ($feedbackset as $bbfeedback) {
+            $feedback = new stdClass();
+            $feedback->ident = $this->getpath($bbfeedback,
+                    array('@', 'ident'), '', true);
+            $feedback->text = '';
+            if ($this->getpath($bbfeedback,
+                    array('#', 'flow_mat', 0), false, false)) {
+                $this->process_block($this->getpath($bbfeedback,
+                        array('#', 'flow_mat', 0), false, false), $feedback);
+            } else if ($this->getpath($bbfeedback,
+                    array('#', 'solution', 0, '#', 'solutionmaterial', 0, '#', 'flow_mat', 0), false, false)) {
+                $this->process_block($this->getpath($bbfeedback,
+                        array('#', 'solution', 0, '#', 'solutionmaterial', 0, '#', 'flow_mat', 0), false, false), $feedback);
+            }
+
+            $feedbacks[$feedback->ident] = $feedback;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create common parts of question
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @return object Moodle question.
+     */
+    public function process_common($quest) {
+        $question = $this->defaultquestion();
+        $text = $quest->QUESTION_BLOCK->text;
+        $questiontext = $this->cleaned_text_field($text);
+        $question->questiontext = $questiontext['text'];
+        $question->questiontextformat = $questiontext['format']; // Needed because add_blank_combined_feedback uses it.
+        if (isset($questiontext['itemid'])) {
+            $question->questiontextitemid = $questiontext['itemid'];
+        }
+        $question->name = $this->create_default_question_name($question->questiontext,
+                get_string('defaultname', 'qformat_blackboard_six' , $quest->id));
+        $question->generalfeedback = '';
+        $question->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $question->generalfeedbackfiles = array();
+
+        return $question;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process True / False Questions
+     * Parse a truefalse rawquestion and add the result
+     * to the array of questions already parsed.
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @param array $questions array of Moodle questions already done
+     */
+    protected function process_tf($quest, &$questions) {
+        $question = $this->process_common($quest);
+
+        $question->qtype = 'truefalse';
+        $question->single = 1; // Only one answer is allowed.
+        $question->penalty = 1; // Penalty = 1 for truefalse questions.
+        // 0th [response] is the correct answer.
+        $responses = $quest->responses;
+        $correctresponse = $this->getpath($responses[0]->ident[0],
+                array('varequal', 0, '#'), '', true);
+        if ($correctresponse != 'false') {
+            $correct = true;
+        } else {
+            $correct = false;
+        }
+        $fback = new stdClass();
+
+        foreach ($quest->feedback as $fb) {
+            $fback->{$fb->ident} = $fb->text;
+        }
+
+        if ($correct) {  // True is correct.
+            $question->answer = 1;
+            $question->feedbacktrue = $this->cleaned_text_field($fback->correct);
+            $question->feedbackfalse = $this->cleaned_text_field($fback->incorrect);
+        } else {  // False is correct.
+            $question->answer = 0;
+            $question->feedbacktrue = $this->cleaned_text_field($fback->incorrect);
+            $question->feedbackfalse = $this->cleaned_text_field($fback->correct);
+        }
+        $question->correctanswer = $question->answer;
+        $questions[] = $question;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Fill in the Blank Questions
+     * Parse a fillintheblank rawquestion and add the result
+     * to the array of questions already parsed.
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @param array $questions array of Moodle questions already done.
+     */
+    protected function process_fblank($quest, &$questions) {
+        $question = $this->process_common($quest);
+        $question->qtype = 'shortanswer';
+        $question->usecase = 0; // Ignore case.
+
+        $answers = array();
+        $fractions = array();
+        $feedbacks = array();
+
+        // Extract the feedback.
+        $feedback = array();
+        foreach ($quest->feedback as $fback) {
+            if (isset($fback->ident)) {
+                if ($fback->ident == 'correct' || $fback->ident == 'incorrect') {
+                    $feedback[$fback->ident] = $fback->text;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($quest->responses as $response) {
+            if (isset($response->title)) {
+                if ($this->getpath($response->ident[0],
+                        array('varequal', 0, '#'), false, false)) {
+                    // For BB Fill in the Blank, only interested in correct answers.
+                    if ($response->feedback = 'correct') {
+                        $answers[] = $this->getpath($response->ident[0],
+                                array('varequal', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                        $fractions[] = 1;
+                        if (isset($feedback['correct'])) {
+                            $feedbacks[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback['correct']);
+                        } else {
+                            $feedbacks[] = $this->text_field('');
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Adding catchall to so that students can see feedback for incorrect answers when they enter something,
+        // the instructor did not enter.
+        $answers[] = '*';
+        $fractions[] = 0;
+        if (isset($feedback['incorrect'])) {
+            $feedbacks[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback['incorrect']);
+        } else {
+            $feedbacks[] = $this->text_field('');
+        }
+
+        $question->answer = $answers;
+        $question->fraction = $fractions;
+        $question->feedback = $feedbacks; // Changed to assign $feedbacks to $question->feedback instead of.
+
+        if (!empty($question)) {
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Multichoice Questions
+     * Parse a multichoice single answer rawquestion and add the result
+     * to the array of questions already parsed.
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @param array $questions array of Moodle questions already done.
+     */
+    protected function process_mc($quest, &$questions) {
+        $question = $this->process_common($quest);
+        $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+        $question = $this->add_blank_combined_feedback($question);
+        $question->single = 1;
+        $feedback = array();
+        foreach ($quest->feedback as $fback) {
+            $feedback[$fback->ident] = $fback->text;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($quest->responses as $response) {
+            if (isset($response->title)) {
+                if ($response->title == 'correct') {
+                    // Only one answer possible for this qtype so first index is correct answer.
+                    $correct = $this->getpath($response->ident[0],
+                            array('varequal', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Fallback method for when the title is not set.
+                if ($response->feedback == 'correct') {
+                    // Only one answer possible for this qtype so first index is correct answer.
+                    $correct = $this->getpath($response->ident[0],
+                            array('varequal', 0, '#'), '', true);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        $i = 0;
+        foreach ($quest->RESPONSE_BLOCK->choices as $response) {
+            $question->answer[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($response->text);
+            if ($correct == $response->ident) {
+                $question->fraction[$i] = 1;
+                // This is a bit of a hack to catch the feedback... first we see if a  'specific'
+                // feedback for this response exists, then if a 'correct' feedback exists.
+
+                if (!empty($feedback[$response->ident]) ) {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback[$response->ident]);
+                } else if (!empty($feedback['correct'])) {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback['correct']);
+                } else if (!empty($feedback[$i])) {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback[$i]);
+                } else {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field(get_string('correct', 'question'));
+                }
+            } else {
+                $question->fraction[$i] = 0;
+                if (!empty($feedback[$response->ident]) ) {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback[$response->ident]);
+                } else if (!empty($feedback['incorrect'])) {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback['incorrect']);
+                } else if (!empty($feedback[$i])) {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback[$i]);
+                } else {
+                    $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field(get_string('incorrect', 'question'));
+                }
+            }
+            $i++;
+        }
+
+        if (!empty($question)) {
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Multiple Choice Questions With Multiple Answers.
+     * Parse a multichoice multianswer rawquestion and add the result
+     * to the array of questions already parsed.
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @param array $questions array of Moodle questions already done.
+     */
+    public function process_ma($quest, &$questions) {
+        $question = $this->process_common($quest);
+        $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+        $question = $this->add_blank_combined_feedback($question);
+        $question->single = 0; // More than one answer allowed.
+
+        $answers = $quest->responses;
+        $correctanswers = array();
+        foreach ($answers as $answer) {
+            if ($answer->title == 'correct') {
+                $answerset = $this->getpath($answer->ident[0],
+                        array('and', 0, '#', 'varequal'), array(), false);
+                foreach ($answerset as $ans) {
+                    $correctanswers[] = $ans['#'];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        $feedback = new stdClass();
+        foreach ($quest->feedback as $fb) {
+            $feedback->{$fb->ident} = trim($fb->text);
+        }
+
+        $correctanswercount = count($correctanswers);
+        $fraction = 1 / $correctanswercount;
+        $choiceset = $quest->RESPONSE_BLOCK->choices;
+        $i = 0;
+        foreach ($choiceset as $choice) {
+            $question->answer[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field(trim($choice->text));
+            if (in_array($choice->ident, $correctanswers)) {
+                // Correct answer.
+                $question->fraction[$i] = $fraction;
+                $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback->correct);
+            } else {
+                // Wrong answer.
+                $question->fraction[$i] = 0;
+                $question->feedback[$i] = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback->incorrect);
+            }
+            $i++;
+        }
+
+        $questions[] = $question;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Essay Questions
+     * Parse an essay rawquestion and add the result
+     * to the array of questions already parsed.
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @param array $questions array of Moodle questions already done.
+     */
+    public function process_essay($quest, &$questions) {
+
+        $question = $this->process_common($quest);
+        $question->qtype = 'essay';
+
+        $question->feedback = array();
+        // Not sure where to get the correct answer from?
+        foreach ($quest->feedback as $feedback) {
+            // Added this code to put the possible solution that the
+            // instructor gives as the Moodle answer for an essay question.
+            if ($feedback->ident == 'solution') {
+                $question->graderinfo = $this->cleaned_text_field($feedback->text);
+            }
+        }
+        // Added because essay/questiontype.php:save_question_option is expecting a
+        // fraction property - CT 8/10/06.
+        $question->fraction[] = 1;
+        $question->defaultmark = 1;
+        $question->responseformat = 'editor';
+        $question->responserequired = 1;
+        $question->responsefieldlines = 15;
+        $question->attachments = 0;
+        $question->attachmentsrequired = 0;
+        $question->responsetemplate = $this->text_field('');
+
+        $questions[] = $question;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process Matching Questions
+     * Parse a matching rawquestion and add the result
+     * to the array of questions already parsed.
+     * @param object $quest rawquestion
+     * @param array $questions array of Moodle questions already done.
+     */
+    public function process_matching($quest, &$questions) {
+
+        // Blackboard matching questions can't be imported in core Moodle without a loss in data,
+        // as core match question don't allow HTML in subanswers. The contributed ddmatch
+        // question type support HTML in subanswers.
+        // The ddmatch question type is not part of core, so we need to check if it is defined.
+        $ddmatchisinstalled = question_bank::is_qtype_installed('ddmatch');
+
+        $question = $this->process_common($quest);
+        $question = $this->add_blank_combined_feedback($question);
+        $question->valid = true;
+        if ($ddmatchisinstalled) {
+            $question->qtype = 'ddmatch';
+        } else {
+            $question->qtype = 'match';
+        }
+        // Construction of the array holding mappings between subanswers and subquestions.
+        foreach ($quest->RESPONSE_BLOCK->subquestions as $qid => $subq) {
+            foreach ($quest->responses as $rid => $resp) {
+                if (isset($resp->ident) && $resp->ident == $subq->ident) {
+                    $correct = $resp->correct;
+                }
+            }
+
+            foreach ($subq->choices as $cid => $choice) {
+                if ($choice == $correct) {
+                    $mappings[$subq->ident] = $cid;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($subq->choices as $choiceid => $choice) {
+            $subanswertext = $quest->RIGHT_MATCH_BLOCK->matchinganswerset[$choiceid]->text;
+            if ($ddmatchisinstalled) {
+                $subanswer = $this->cleaned_text_field($subanswertext);
+            } else {
+                $subanswertext = html_to_text($this->cleaninput($subanswertext), 0);
+                $subanswer = $subanswertext;
+            }
+
+            if ($subanswertext != '') { // Only import non empty subanswers.
+                $subquestion = '';
+
+                $fiber = moodle_array_keys_filter($mappings, $choiceid);
+                foreach ($fiber as $correctanswerid) {
+                    // We have found a correspondance for this subanswer so we need to take the associated subquestion.
+                    foreach ($quest->RESPONSE_BLOCK->subquestions as $qid => $subq) {
+                        $currentsubqid = $subq->ident;
+                        if (strcmp ($currentsubqid, $correctanswerid) == 0) {
+                            $subquestion = $subq->text;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    $question->subquestions[] = $this->cleaned_text_field($subquestion);
+                    $question->subanswers[] = $subanswer;
+                }
+
+                if ($subquestion == '') { // Then in this case, $choice is a distractor.
+                    $question->subquestions[] = $this->text_field('');
+                    $question->subanswers[] = $subanswer;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify that this matching question has enough subquestions and subanswers.
+        $subquestioncount = 0;
+        $subanswercount = 0;
+        $subanswers = $question->subanswers;
+        foreach ($question->subquestions as $key => $subquestion) {
+            $subquestion = $subquestion['text'];
+            $subanswer = $subanswers[$key];
+            if ($subquestion != '') {
+                $subquestioncount++;
+            }
+            $subanswercount++;
+        }
+        if ($subquestioncount < 2 || $subanswercount < 3) {
+                $this->error(get_string('notenoughtsubans', 'qformat_blackboard_six', $question->questiontext));
+        } else {
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a category question entry based on the assessment title
+     * @param array $xml the xml tree
+     * @param array $questions the questions already parsed
+     */
+    public function process_category($xml, &$questions) {
+        $title = $this->getpath($xml, array('questestinterop', '#', 'assessment', 0, '@', 'title'), '', true);
+
+        $dummyquestion = new stdClass();
+        $dummyquestion->qtype = 'category';
+        $dummyquestion->category = $this->cleaninput($this->clean_question_name($title));
+
+        $questions[] = $dummyquestion;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Strip the applet tag used by Blackboard to render mathml formulas,
+     * keeping the mathml tag.
+     * @param string $string
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function strip_applet_tags_get_mathml($string) {
+        if (stristr($string, '</APPLET>') === false) {
+            return $string;
+        } else {
+            // Strip all applet tags keeping stuff before/after and inbetween (if mathml) them.
+            while (stristr($string, '</APPLET>') !== false) {
+                preg_match("/(.*)\<applet.*value=\"(\<math\>.*\<\/math\>)\".*\<\/applet\>(.*)/i", $string, $mathmls);
+                $string = $mathmls[1].$mathmls[2].$mathmls[3];
+            }
+            return $string;
+        }
+    }
+
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/lang/en/qformat_blackboard_six.php

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_blackboard_six', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2010 Helen Foster
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['defaultname'] = 'Imported question {$a}';
+$string['errormanifest'] = 'Error while parsing the IMS manifest document';
+$string['importnotext'] = 'Missing question text in XML file';
+$string['filenothandled'] = 'This archive contains reference to a file material {$a} which is not currently handled by import';
+$string['imagenotfound'] = 'Image file with path {$a} was not found in the import.';
+$string['importedcategory'] = 'Imported category {$a}';
+$string['notenoughtsubans'] = 'Unable to import matching question \'{$a}\' because a matching question must comprise at least two questions and three answers.';
+$string['pluginname'] = 'Blackboard';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'Blackboard format enables questions saved in all Blackboard export formats to be imported via a dat or zip file. For zip files, images import is supported.';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The Blackbard question format plugin does not store any personal data.';
+$string['unhandledpresblock'] = 'Unhandled presentation block';

question/format/blackboard_six/tests/blackboardformatpool_test.php

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+namespace qformat_blackboard_six;
+
+use qformat_blackboard_six;
+use qformat_blackboard_six_file;
+use question_bank;
+use question_check_specified_fields_expectation;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+global $CFG;
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/blackboard_six/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/engine/tests/helpers.php');
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the blackboard v6+ question import format.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2012 Jean-Michel Vedrine
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class blackboardformatpool_test extends \question_testcase {
+
+    public function make_test_xml() {
+        $xmlfile = new qformat_blackboard_six_file();
+        $xmlfile->filetype = 2;
+        $xmlfile->text = file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/sample_blackboard_pool.dat');
+        return array(0 => $xmlfile);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_match(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+
+        $q = $questions[5];
+
+        // If qtype_ddmatch is installed, the formatter produces ddmatch
+        // qtypes, not match ones.
+        $ddmatchisinstalled = question_bank::is_qtype_installed('ddmatch');
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = $ddmatchisinstalled ? 'ddmatch' : 'match';
+        $expectedq->name = 'Classify the animals.';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<i>Classify the animals.</i>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->correctfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+        $expectedq->partiallycorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+        $expectedq->incorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $expectedq->shuffleanswers = get_config('quiz', 'shuffleanswers');
+        $expectedq->subquestions = array(
+            array('text' => 'cat', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            array('text' => '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            array('text' => 'frog', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            array('text' => 'newt', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML));
+
+        if ($ddmatchisinstalled) {
+            $expectedq->subanswers = array(
+                array('text' => 'mammal', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+                array('text' => 'insect', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+                array('text' => 'amphibian', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+                array('text' => 'amphibian', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            );
+        } else {
+            $expectedq->subanswers = array('mammal', 'insect', 'amphibian', 'amphibian');
+        }
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_multichoice_single(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[2];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'multichoice';
+        $expectedq->single = 1;
+        $expectedq->name = 'What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->correctfeedback = array('text' => 'You gave the right answer.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+        $expectedq->partiallycorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+        $expectedq->incorrectfeedback = array('text' => 'Only yellow is between orange and green in the spectrum.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $expectedq->shuffleanswers = get_config('quiz', 'shuffleanswers');
+        $expectedq->answer = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">red</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">yellow</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">blue</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+        $expectedq->fraction = array(0, 1, 0);
+        $expectedq->feedback = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_multichoice_multi(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[3];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'multichoice';
+        $expectedq->single = 0;
+        $expectedq->name = 'What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->correctfeedback = array(
+                'text' => 'You gave the right answer.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+        $expectedq->partiallycorrectfeedback = array(
+                'text' => 'Only yellow and off-beige are between orange and green in the spectrum.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+        $expectedq->incorrectfeedback = array(
+                'text' => 'Only yellow and off-beige are between orange and green in the spectrum.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                );
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $expectedq->shuffleanswers = get_config('quiz', 'shuffleanswers');
+        $expectedq->answer = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">yellow</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">red</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">off-beige</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                3 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">blue</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+        $expectedq->fraction = array(0.5, 0, 0.5, 0);
+        $expectedq->feedback = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                3 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_truefalse(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[1];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'truefalse';
+        $expectedq->name = '42 is the Absolute Answer to everything.';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">42 is the Absolute Answer to everything.</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->correctanswer = 0;
+        $expectedq->feedbacktrue = array(
+                'text' => '42 is the Ultimate Answer.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+        $expectedq->feedbackfalse = array(
+                'text' => 'You gave the right answer.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_fill_in_the_blank(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[4];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'shortanswer';
+        $expectedq->name = 'Name an amphibian: __________.';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">Name an amphibian: __________.</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->usecase = 0;
+        $expectedq->answer = array('frog', '*');
+        $expectedq->fraction = array(1, 0);
+        $expectedq->feedback = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_essay(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[6];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'essay';
+        $expectedq->name = 'How are you?';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = 'How are you?';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->responseformat = 'editor';
+        $expectedq->responsefieldlines = 15;
+        $expectedq->attachments = 0;
+        $expectedq->graderinfo = array(
+                'text' => 'Blackboard answer for essay questions will be imported as informations for graders.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_category(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[0];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'category';
+        $expectedq->category = 'exam 3 2008-9';
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/tests/blackboardsixformatqti_test.php

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+namespace qformat_blackboard_six;
+
+use qformat_blackboard_six;
+use qformat_blackboard_six_file;
+use question_bank;
+use question_check_specified_fields_expectation;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+global $CFG;
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/blackboard_six/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/engine/tests/helpers.php');
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the blackboard v6+ question import format.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2012 Jean-Michel Vedrine
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class blackboardsixformatqti_test extends \question_testcase {
+
+    public function make_test_xml() {
+        $xmlfile = new qformat_blackboard_six_file();
+        $xmlfile->filetype = 1;
+        $xmlfile->text = file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/sample_blackboard_qti.dat');
+        return array(0 => $xmlfile);
+    }
+    public function test_import_match(): void {
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[4];
+
+        // If qtype_ddmatch is installed, the formatter produces ddmatch
+        // qtypes, not match ones.
+        $ddmatchisinstalled = question_bank::is_qtype_installed('ddmatch');
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = $ddmatchisinstalled ? 'ddmatch' : 'match';
+        $expectedq->name = 'Classify the animals.';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = 'Classify the animals.';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->correctfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+        $expectedq->partiallycorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+        $expectedq->incorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $expectedq->shuffleanswers = get_config('quiz', 'shuffleanswers');
+        $expectedq->subquestions = array(
+            array('text' => '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            array('text' => 'cat', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            array('text' => 'frog', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            array('text' => 'newt', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML));
+        if ($ddmatchisinstalled) {
+            $expectedq->subanswers = array(
+                array('text' => 'insect', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+                array('text' => 'mammal', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+                array('text' => 'amphibian', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+                array('text' => 'amphibian', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML),
+            );
+        } else {
+            $expectedq->subanswers = array('insect', 'mammal', 'amphibian', 'amphibian');
+        }
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_multichoice_single(): void {
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[2];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'multichoice';
+        $expectedq->single = 1;
+        $expectedq->name = 'What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->correctfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+        $expectedq->partiallycorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+        $expectedq->incorrectfeedback = array('text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $expectedq->shuffleanswers = get_config('quiz', 'shuffleanswers');
+        $expectedq->answer = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">red</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">yellow</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">blue</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+        $expectedq->fraction = array(0, 1, 0);
+        $expectedq->feedback = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => 'Red is not between orange and green in the spectrum but yellow is.',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => 'You gave the right answer.',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => 'Blue is not between orange and green in the spectrum but yellow is.',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_multichoice_multi(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[3];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'multichoice';
+        $expectedq->single = 0;
+        $expectedq->name = 'What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<i>What\'s between orange and green in the spectrum?</i>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->correctfeedback = array(
+                'text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                'files' => array(),
+            );
+        $expectedq->partiallycorrectfeedback = array(
+                'text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                'files' => array(),
+            );
+        $expectedq->incorrectfeedback = array(
+                'text' => '',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                'files' => array(),
+            );
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $expectedq->shuffleanswers = get_config('quiz', 'shuffleanswers');
+        $expectedq->answer = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">yellow</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">red</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">off-beige</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                3 => array(
+                    'text' => '<span style="font-size:12pt">blue</span>',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+        $expectedq->fraction = array(0.5, 0, 0.5, 0);
+        $expectedq->feedback = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                2 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                3 => array(
+                    'text' => '',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_truefalse(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[1];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'truefalse';
+        $expectedq->name = '42 is the Absolute Answer to everything.';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">42 is the Absolute Answer to everything.</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->correctanswer = 0;
+        $expectedq->feedbacktrue = array(
+                'text' => '42 is the <b>Ultimate</b> Answer.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+        $expectedq->feedbackfalse = array(
+                'text' => 'You gave the right answer.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_fill_in_the_blank(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[5];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'shortanswer';
+        $expectedq->name = 'Name an amphibian: __________.';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = '<span style="font-size:12pt">Name an amphibian: __________.</span>';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->usecase = 0;
+        $expectedq->answer = array('frog', '*');
+        $expectedq->fraction = array(1, 0);
+        $expectedq->feedback = array(
+                0 => array(
+                    'text' => 'A frog is an amphibian.',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                ),
+                1 => array(
+                    'text' => 'A frog is an amphibian.',
+                    'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+                )
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_essay(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[6];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'essay';
+        $expectedq->name = 'How are you?';
+        $expectedq->questiontext = 'How are you?';
+        $expectedq->questiontextformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->generalfeedback = '';
+        $expectedq->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_HTML;
+        $expectedq->defaultmark = 1;
+        $expectedq->length = 1;
+        $expectedq->responseformat = 'editor';
+        $expectedq->responsefieldlines = 15;
+        $expectedq->attachments = 0;
+        $expectedq->graderinfo = array(
+                'text' => 'Blackboard answer for essay questions will be imported as informations for graders.',
+                'format' => FORMAT_HTML,
+            );
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+
+    public function test_import_category(): void {
+
+        $xml = $this->make_test_xml();
+
+        $importer = new qformat_blackboard_six();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($xml);
+        $q = $questions[0];
+
+        $expectedq = new \stdClass();
+        $expectedq->qtype = 'category';
+        $expectedq->category = 'sample_blackboard_six';
+
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $q);
+    }
+}

question/format/blackboard_six/tests/fixtures/sample_blackboard_pool.dat

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
+<POOL>
+    <TITLE value='exam 3 2008-9'/>
+    <QUESTIONLIST>
+        <QUESTION id='q1' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/>
+        <QUESTION id='q7' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/>
+        <QUESTION id='q8' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLEANSWER' points='1'/>
+        <QUESTION id='q39-44' class='QUESTION_MATCH' points='1'/>
+        <QUESTION id='q9' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/>
+        <QUESTION id='q27' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/>
+    </QUESTIONLIST>
+    <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q1'>
+        <BODY>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">42 is the Absolute Answer to everything.</span>]]></TEXT>
+            <FLAGS>
+                <ISHTML value='true'/>
+                <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/>
+            </FLAGS>
+        </BODY>
+        <ANSWER id='q1_a1'>
+            <TEXT>False</TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q1_a2'>
+            <TEXT>True</TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <GRADABLE>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q1_a2'/>
+            <FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT><![CDATA[You gave the right answer.]]></FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT>
+            <FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT><![CDATA[42 is the Ultimate Answer.]]></FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT>
+        </GRADABLE>
+    </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE>
+    <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q7'>
+        <BODY>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">What's between orange and green in the spectrum?</span>]]></TEXT>
+            <FLAGS>
+                <ISHTML value='true'/>
+                <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/>
+            </FLAGS>
+        </BODY>
+        <ANSWER id='q7_a1' position='1'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">red</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q7_a2' position='2'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">yellow</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q7_a3' position='3'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">blue</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <GRADABLE>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q7_a2'/>
+            <FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT><![CDATA[You gave the right answer.]]></FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT>
+            <FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT><![CDATA[Only yellow is between orange and green in the spectrum.]]></FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT>
+        </GRADABLE>
+    </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE>
+    <QUESTION_MULTIPLEANSWER id='q8'>
+        <BODY>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">What's between orange and green in the spectrum?</span>]]></TEXT>
+            <FLAGS>
+                <ISHTML value='true'/>
+                <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/>
+            </FLAGS>
+        </BODY>
+        <ANSWER id='q8_a1' position='1'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">yellow</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q8_a2' position='2'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">red</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q8_a3' position='3'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">off-beige</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q8_a4' position='4'>
+        <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">blue</span>]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <GRADABLE>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q8_a1'/>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q8_a3'/>
+            <FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT><![CDATA[You gave the right answer.]]></FEEDBACK_WHEN_CORRECT>
+            <FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT><![CDATA[Only yellow and off-beige are between orange and green in the spectrum.]]></FEEDBACK_WHEN_INCORRECT>
+        </GRADABLE>
+    </QUESTION_MULTIPLEANSWER>
+    <QUESTION_MATCH id='q39-44'>
+        <BODY>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[<i>Classify the animals.</i>]]></TEXT>
+            <FLAGS>
+                <ISHTML value='true'/>
+                <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/>
+            </FLAGS>
+        </BODY>
+        <ANSWER id='q39-44_a1' position='1'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[frog]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q39-44_a2' position='2'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[cat]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <ANSWER id='q39-44_a3' position='3'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[newt]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <CHOICE id='q39-44_c1' position='1'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[mammal]]></TEXT>
+        </CHOICE>
+        <CHOICE id='q39-44_c2' position='2'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[insect]]></TEXT>
+        </CHOICE>
+        <CHOICE id='q39-44_c3' position='3'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[amphibian]]></TEXT>
+        </CHOICE>
+        <GRADABLE>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39-44_a1' choice_id='q39-44_c3'/>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39-44_a2' choice_id='q39-44_c1'/>
+            <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39-44_a3' choice_id='q39-44_c3'/>
+        </GRADABLE>
+    </QUESTION_MATCH>
+    <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q9'>
+        <BODY>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[How are you?]]></TEXT>
+            <FLAGS>
+                <ISHTML value='true'/>
+                <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/>
+            </FLAGS>
+        </BODY>
+        <ANSWER id='q9_a1'>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[Blackboard answer for essay questions will be imported as informations for graders.]]></TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <GRADABLE>
+        </GRADABLE>
+    </QUESTION_ESSAY>
+    <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q27'>
+        <BODY>
+            <TEXT><![CDATA[<span style="font-size:12pt">Name an amphibian: __________.</span>]]></TEXT>
+            <FLAGS>
+                <ISHTML value='true'/>
+                <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/>
+            </FLAGS>
+        </BODY>
+        <ANSWER id='q27_a1' position='1'>
+            <TEXT>frog</TEXT>
+        </ANSWER>
+        <GRADABLE>
+        </GRADABLE>
+    </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK>
+</POOL>

question/format/blackboard_six/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the blackboard_six question import format.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_blackboard_six
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_blackboard_six';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;

question/format/gift/classes/privacy/provider.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_gift.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_gift
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_gift\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_gift implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/gift/examples.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+//  EXAMPLE QUESTIONS for the GIFT import filter
+//  by Paul Tsuchido Shew, January 2004.
+
+//-----------------------------------------//
+// Examples from the class description.
+//-----------------------------------------//
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{~Grant ~Jefferson =no one}
+
+Grant is {~buried =entombed ~living} in Grant's tomb.
+
+Grant is buried in Grant's tomb.{FALSE}
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{=no one =nobody}
+
+When was Ulysses S. Grant born?{#1822:1}
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------//
+// Examples from the documentation.
+//-----------------------------------------//
+
+// ===Multiple Choice===
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{~Grant ~Jefferson =no one}
+
+Grant is {~buried =entombed ~living} in Grant's tomb.
+
+The American holiday of Thanksgiving is celebrated on the {
+    ~second
+    ~third
+    =fourth
+} Thursday of November.
+
+Japanese characters originally came from what country? {
+    ~India
+    =China
+    ~Korea
+    ~Egypt}
+
+// ===Short Answer===
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{=no one =nobody}
+
+Two plus two equals {=four =4}.
+
+// ===True-False===
+
+Grant is buried in Grant's tomb.{F}
+
+The sun rises in the east.{T}
+
+// ===Matching===
+
+Matching Question. {
+    =subquestion1 -> subanswer1
+    =subquestion2 -> subanswer2
+    =subquestion3 -> subanswer3
+    }
+
+Match the following countries with their corresponding capitals. {
+    =Canada -> Ottawa
+    =Italy  -> Rome
+    =Japan  -> Tokyo
+    =India  -> New Delhi
+    }
+
+// ===Numerical===
+
+When was Ulysses S. Grant born? {#1822}
+
+What is the value of pi (to 3 decimal places)? {#3.1415:0.0005}.
+
+What is the value of pi (to 3 decimal places)? {#3.141..3.142}.
+
+When was Ulysses S. Grant born? {#
+    =1822:0
+    =%50%1822:2}
+
+// OPTIONS
+
+// ===Line Comments===
+
+// Subheading: Numerical questions below
+What's 2 plus 2? {#4}
+
+
+// ===Question Name===
+
+::Kanji Origins::Japanese characters originally
+came from what country? {=China}
+
+::Thanksgiving Date::The American holiday of Thanksgiving is
+celebrated on the {~second ~third =fourth} Thursday of November.
+
+// ===Feedback===
+
+What's the answer to this multiple-choice question?{
+~wrong answer#feedback comment on the wrong answer
+~another wrong answer#feedback comment on this wrong answer
+=right answer#Very good!}
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{
+=no one#excellent answer!
+=nobody#excellent answer!}
+
+// ===Specify text format===
+[markdown]Who's buried in **Grant's tomb**?{
+=no one#excellent answer!
+=nobody#excellent answer!}
+
+// ===Percentage Answer Weights===
+Grant is buried in Grant's tomb.{FALSE#No one is buried in Grant's tomb.}
+
+Difficult question.{~wrong answer ~%50%half credit answer =full credit answer}
+
+::Jesus' hometown::Jesus Christ was from {
+    ~Jerusalem#This was an important city, but the wrong answer.
+    ~%25%Bethlehem#He was born here, but not raised here.
+    ~%50%Galilee#You need to be more specific.
+    =Nazareth#Yes! That's right!}.
+
+::Jesus' hometown:: Jesus Christ was from {
+    =Nazareth#Yes! That's right!
+    =%75%Nazereth#Right, but misspelled.
+    =%25%Bethlehem#He was born here, but not raised here.}
+
+// ===Multiple Answers===
+
+What two people are entombed in Grant's tomb? {
+    ~No one
+    ~%50%Grant
+    ~%50%Grant's wife
+    ~Grant's father }
+
+What two people are entombed in Grant's tomb? {
+    ~%-50%No one
+    ~%50%Grant
+    ~%50%Grant's wife
+    ~%-50%Grant's father }
+
+// ===Special Characters===
+Which answer equals 5? {
+     ~ \= 2 + 2
+     = \= 2 + 3
+     ~ \= 2 + 4  }
+
+::GIFT Control Characters::
+Which of the following is NOT a control character for the GIFT import format? {
+   ~ \~     # \~ is a control character.
+   ~ \=     # \= is a control character.
+   ~ \#     # \# is a control character.
+   ~ \{     # \{ is a control character.
+   ~ \}     # \} is a control character.
+   = \\     # Correct! \\ (backslash) is not a control character. BUT,
+              it is used to escape the control characters. So, to specify
+              a literal backslash, you must escape it with a backslash
+              (as shown in this example).
+}
+
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------//
+// Examples from gift/format.php.
+//-----------------------------------------//
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{~Grant ~Jefferson =no one}
+
+Grant is {~buried =entombed ~living} in Grant's tomb.
+
+Grant is buried in Grant's tomb.{FALSE}
+
+Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{=no one =nobody}
+
+When was Ulysses S. Grant born?{#1822:5}
+
+Match the following countries with their corresponding
+capitals.{=Canada->Ottawa =Italy->Rome =Japan->Tokyo}
+
+//-----------------------------------------//
+// More complicated examples.
+//-----------------------------------------//
+
+::Grant's Tomb::Grant is {
+      ~buried#No one is buried there.
+      =entombed#Right answer!
+      ~living#We hope not!
+} in Grant's tomb.
+
+Difficult multiple choice question.{
+     ~wrong answer           #comment on wrong answer
+     ~%50%half credit answer #comment on answer
+     =full credit answer     #well done!}
+
+::Jesus' hometown (Short answer ex.):: Jesus Christ was from {
+     =Nazareth#Yes! That's right!
+     =%75%Nazereth#Right, but misspelled.
+     =%25%Bethlehem#He was born here, but not raised here.
+}.
+
+//this comment will be ignored by the filter
+::Numerical example::
+When was Ulysses S. Grant born? {#
+     =1822:0      #Correct! 100% credit
+     =%50%1822:2  #He was born in 1822.
+                  You get 50% credit for being close.
+}

question/format/gift/format.php

@@ -0,0 +1,885 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * GIFT format question importer/exporter.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_gift
+ * @copyright  2003 Paul Tsuchido Shew
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+
+/**
+ * The GIFT import filter was designed as an easy to use method
+ * for teachers writing questions as a text file. It supports most
+ * question types and the missing word format.
+ *
+ * Multiple Choice / Missing Word
+ *     Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{~Grant ~Jefferson =no one}
+ *     Grant is {~buried =entombed ~living} in Grant's tomb.
+ * True-False:
+ *     Grant is buried in Grant's tomb.{FALSE}
+ * Short-Answer.
+ *     Who's buried in Grant's tomb?{=no one =nobody}
+ * Numerical
+ *     When was Ulysses S. Grant born?{#1822:5}
+ * Matching
+ *     Match the following countries with their corresponding
+ *     capitals.{=Canada->Ottawa =Italy->Rome =Japan->Tokyo}
+ *
+ * Comment lines start with a double backslash (//).
+ * Optional question names are enclosed in double colon(::).
+ * Answer feedback is indicated with hash mark (#).
+ * Percentage answer weights immediately follow the tilde (for
+ * multiple choice) or equal sign (for short answer and numerical),
+ * and are enclosed in percent signs (% %). See docs and examples.txt for more.
+ *
+ * This filter was written through the collaboration of numerous
+ * members of the Moodle community. It was originally based on
+ * the missingword format, which included code from Thomas Robb
+ * and others. Paul Tsuchido Shew wrote this filter in December 2003.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2003 Paul Tsuchido Shew
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_gift extends qformat_default {
+
+    public function provide_import() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function provide_export() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function export_file_extension() {
+        return '.txt';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate the given file.
+     *
+     * For more expensive or detailed integrity checks.
+     *
+     * @param stored_file $file the file to check
+     * @return string the error message that occurred while validating the given file
+     */
+    public function validate_file(stored_file $file): string {
+        return $this->validate_is_utf8_file($file);
+    }
+
+    protected function answerweightparser(&$answer) {
+        $answer = substr($answer, 1);                        // Removes initial %.
+        $endposition  = strpos($answer, "%");
+        $answerweight = substr($answer, 0, $endposition);  // Gets weight as integer.
+        $answerweight = $answerweight/100;                 // Converts to percent.
+        $answer = substr($answer, $endposition+1);          // Removes comment from answer.
+        return $answerweight;
+    }
+
+    protected function commentparser($answer, $defaultformat) {
+        $bits = explode('#', $answer, 2);
+        $ans = $this->parse_text_with_format(trim($bits[0]), $defaultformat);
+        if (count($bits) > 1) {
+            $feedback = $this->parse_text_with_format(trim($bits[1]), $defaultformat);
+        } else {
+            $feedback = array('text' => '', 'format' => $defaultformat, 'files' => array());
+        }
+        return array($ans, $feedback);
+    }
+
+    protected function split_truefalse_comment($answer, $defaultformat) {
+        $bits = explode('#', $answer, 3);
+        $ans = $this->parse_text_with_format(trim($bits[0]), $defaultformat);
+        if (count($bits) > 1) {
+            $wrongfeedback = $this->parse_text_with_format(trim($bits[1]), $defaultformat);
+        } else {
+            $wrongfeedback = array('text' => '', 'format' => $defaultformat, 'files' => array());
+        }
+        if (count($bits) > 2) {
+            $rightfeedback = $this->parse_text_with_format(trim($bits[2]), $defaultformat);
+        } else {
+            $rightfeedback = array('text' => '', 'format' => $defaultformat, 'files' => array());
+        }
+        return array($ans, $wrongfeedback, $rightfeedback);
+    }
+
+    protected function escapedchar_pre($string) {
+        // Replaces escaped control characters with a placeholder BEFORE processing.
+
+        $escapedcharacters = array("\\:",    "\\#",    "\\=",    "\\{",    "\\}",    "\\~",    "\\n"  );
+        $placeholders      = array("&&058;", "&&035;", "&&061;", "&&123;", "&&125;", "&&126;", "&&010");
+
+        $string = str_replace("\\\\", "&&092;", $string);
+        $string = str_replace($escapedcharacters, $placeholders, $string);
+        $string = str_replace("&&092;", "\\", $string);
+        return $string;
+    }
+
+    protected function escapedchar_post($string) {
+        // Replaces placeholders with corresponding character AFTER processing is done.
+        $placeholders = array("&&058;", "&&035;", "&&061;", "&&123;", "&&125;", "&&126;", "&&010");
+        $characters   = array(":",     "#",      "=",      "{",      "}",      "~",      "\n"  );
+        $string = str_replace($placeholders, $characters, $string);
+        return $string;
+    }
+
+    protected function check_answer_count($min, $answers, $text) {
+        $countanswers = count($answers);
+        if ($countanswers < $min) {
+            $this->error(get_string('importminerror', 'qformat_gift'), $text);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected function parse_text_with_format($text, $defaultformat = FORMAT_MOODLE) {
+        $result = array(
+            'text' => $text,
+            'format' => $defaultformat,
+            'files' => array(),
+        );
+        if (strpos($text, '[') === 0) {
+            $formatend = strpos($text, ']');
+            $result['format'] = $this->format_name_to_const(substr($text, 1, $formatend - 1));
+            if ($result['format'] == -1) {
+                $result['format'] = $defaultformat;
+            } else {
+                $result['text'] = substr($text, $formatend + 1);
+            }
+        }
+        $result['text'] = trim($this->escapedchar_post($result['text']));
+        return $result;
+    }
+
+    public function readquestion($lines) {
+        // Given an array of lines known to define a question in this format, this function
+        // converts it into a question object suitable for processing and insertion into Moodle.
+
+        $question = $this->defaultquestion();
+        // Define replaced by simple assignment, stop redefine notices.
+        $giftanswerweightregex = '/^%\-*([0-9]{1,2})\.?([0-9]*)%/';
+
+        // Separate comments and implode.
+        $comments = '';
+        foreach ($lines as $key => $line) {
+            $line = trim($line);
+            if (substr($line, 0, 2) == '//') {
+                $comments .= $line . "\n";
+                $lines[$key] = ' ';
+            }
+        }
+        $text = trim(implode("\n", $lines));
+
+        if ($text == '') {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Substitute escaped control characters with placeholders.
+        $text = $this->escapedchar_pre($text);
+
+        // Look for category modifier.
+        if (preg_match('~^\$CATEGORY:~', $text)) {
+            $newcategory = trim(substr($text, 10));
+
+            // Build fake question to contain category.
+            $question->qtype = 'category';
+            $question->category = $newcategory;
+            return $question;
+        }
+
+        // Question name parser.
+        if (substr($text, 0, 2) == '::') {
+            $text = substr($text, 2);
+
+            $namefinish = strpos($text, '::');
+            if ($namefinish === false) {
+                $question->name = false;
+                // Name will be assigned after processing question text below.
+            } else {
+                $questionname = substr($text, 0, $namefinish);
+                $question->name = $this->clean_question_name($this->escapedchar_post($questionname));
+                $text = trim(substr($text, $namefinish+2)); // Remove name from text.
+            }
+        } else {
+            $question->name = false;
+        }
+
+        // Find the answer section.
+        $answerstart = strpos($text, '{');
+        $answerfinish = strpos($text, '}');
+
+        $description = false;
+        if ($answerstart === false && $answerfinish === false) {
+            // No answer means it's a description.
+            $description = true;
+            $answertext = '';
+            $answerlength = 0;
+
+        } else if ($answerstart === false || $answerfinish === false) {
+            $this->error(get_string('braceerror', 'qformat_gift'), $text);
+            return false;
+
+        } else {
+            $answerlength = $answerfinish - $answerstart;
+            $answertext = trim(substr($text, $answerstart + 1, $answerlength - 1));
+        }
+
+        // Format the question text, without answer, inserting "_____" as necessary.
+        if ($description) {
+            $questiontext = $text;
+        } else if (substr($text, -1) == "}") {
+            // No blank line if answers follow question, outside of closing punctuation.
+            $questiontext = substr_replace($text, "", $answerstart, $answerlength + 1);
+        } else {
+            // Inserts blank line for missing word format.
+            $questiontext = substr_replace($text, "_____", $answerstart, $answerlength + 1);
+        }
+
+        // Look to see if there is any general feedback.
+        $gfseparator = strrpos($answertext, '####');
+        if ($gfseparator === false) {
+            $generalfeedback = '';
+        } else {
+            $generalfeedback = substr($answertext, $gfseparator + 4);
+            $answertext = trim(substr($answertext, 0, $gfseparator));
+        }
+
+        // Get questiontext format from questiontext.
+        $text = $this->parse_text_with_format($questiontext);
+        $question->questiontextformat = $text['format'];
+        $question->questiontext = $text['text'];
+
+        // Get generalfeedback format from questiontext.
+        $text = $this->parse_text_with_format($generalfeedback, $question->questiontextformat);
+        $question->generalfeedback = $text['text'];
+        $question->generalfeedbackformat = $text['format'];
+
+        // Set question name if not already set.
+        if ($question->name === false) {
+            $question->name = $this->create_default_question_name($question->questiontext, get_string('questionname', 'question'));
+        }
+
+        // Determine question type.
+        $question->qtype = null;
+
+        // Extract any idnumber and tags from the comments.
+        list($question->idnumber, $question->tags) = $this->extract_idnumber_and_tags_from_comment($comments);
+
+        // Give plugins first try.
+        // Plugins must promise not to intercept standard qtypes
+        // MDL-12346, this could be called from lesson mod which has its own base class =(.
+        if (method_exists($this, 'try_importing_using_qtypes')
+                && ($tryquestion = $this->try_importing_using_qtypes($lines, $question, $answertext))) {
+            return $tryquestion;
+        }
+
+        if ($description) {
+            $question->qtype = 'description';
+
+        } else if ($answertext == '') {
+            $question->qtype = 'essay';
+
+        } else if ($answertext[0] == '#') {
+            $question->qtype = 'numerical';
+
+        } else if (strpos($answertext, '~') !== false) {
+            // Only Multiplechoice questions contain tilde ~.
+            $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+
+        } else if (strpos($answertext, '=')  !== false
+                && strpos($answertext, '->') !== false) {
+            // Only Matching contains both = and ->.
+            $question->qtype = 'match';
+
+        } else { // Either truefalse or shortanswer.
+
+            // Truefalse question check.
+            $truefalsecheck = $answertext;
+            if (strpos($answertext, '#') > 0) {
+                // Strip comments to check for TrueFalse question.
+                $truefalsecheck = trim(substr($answertext, 0, strpos($answertext, "#")));
+            }
+
+            $validtfanswers = array('T', 'TRUE', 'F', 'FALSE');
+            if (in_array($truefalsecheck, $validtfanswers)) {
+                $question->qtype = 'truefalse';
+
+            } else { // Must be shortanswer.
+                $question->qtype = 'shortanswer';
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!isset($question->qtype)) {
+            $giftqtypenotset = get_string('giftqtypenotset', 'qformat_gift');
+            $this->error($giftqtypenotset, $text);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        switch ($question->qtype) {
+            case 'description':
+                $question->defaultmark = 0;
+                $question->length = 0;
+                return $question;
+
+            case 'essay':
+                $question->responseformat = 'editor';
+                $question->responserequired = 1;
+                $question->responsefieldlines = 15;
+                $question->attachments = 0;
+                $question->attachmentsrequired = 0;
+                $question->graderinfo = array(
+                        'text' => '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML, 'files' => array());
+                $question->responsetemplate = array(
+                        'text' => '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+                return $question;
+
+            case 'multichoice':
+                // "Temporary" solution to enable choice of answernumbering on GIFT import
+                // by respecting default set for multichoice questions (MDL-59447)
+                $question->answernumbering = get_config('qtype_multichoice', 'answernumbering');
+
+                if (strpos($answertext, "=") === false) {
+                    $question->single = 0; // Multiple answers are enabled if no single answer is 100% correct.
+                } else {
+                    $question->single = 1; // Only one answer allowed (the default).
+                }
+                $question = $this->add_blank_combined_feedback($question);
+
+                $answertext = str_replace("=", "~=", $answertext);
+                $answers = explode("~", $answertext);
+                if (isset($answers[0])) {
+                    $answers[0] = trim($answers[0]);
+                }
+                if (empty($answers[0])) {
+                    array_shift($answers);
+                }
+
+                $countanswers = count($answers);
+
+                if (!$this->check_answer_count(2, $answers, $text)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                foreach ($answers as $key => $answer) {
+                    $answer = trim($answer);
+
+                    // Determine answer weight.
+                    if ($answer[0] == '=') {
+                        $answerweight = 1;
+                        $answer = substr($answer, 1);
+
+                    } else if (preg_match($giftanswerweightregex, $answer)) {    // Check for properly formatted answer weight.
+                        $answerweight = $this->answerweightparser($answer);
+
+                    } else {     // Default, i.e., wrong anwer.
+                        $answerweight = 0;
+                    }
+                    list($question->answer[$key], $question->feedback[$key]) =
+                            $this->commentparser($answer, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    $question->fraction[$key] = $answerweight;
+                }  // End foreach answer.
+
+                return $question;
+
+            case 'match':
+                $question = $this->add_blank_combined_feedback($question);
+
+                $answers = explode('=', $answertext);
+                if (isset($answers[0])) {
+                    $answers[0] = trim($answers[0]);
+                }
+                if (empty($answers[0])) {
+                    array_shift($answers);
+                }
+
+                if (!$this->check_answer_count(2, $answers, $text)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                foreach ($answers as $key => $answer) {
+                    $answer = trim($answer);
+                    if (strpos($answer, "->") === false) {
+                        $this->error(get_string('giftmatchingformat', 'qformat_gift'), $answer);
+                        return false;
+                    }
+
+                    $marker = strpos($answer, '->');
+                    $question->subquestions[$key] = $this->parse_text_with_format(
+                            substr($answer, 0, $marker), $question->questiontextformat);
+                    $question->subanswers[$key] = trim($this->escapedchar_post(
+                            substr($answer, $marker + 2)));
+                }
+
+                return $question;
+
+            case 'truefalse':
+                list($answer, $wrongfeedback, $rightfeedback) =
+                        $this->split_truefalse_comment($answertext, $question->questiontextformat);
+
+                if ($answer['text'] == "T" || $answer['text'] == "TRUE") {
+                    $question->correctanswer = 1;
+                    $question->feedbacktrue = $rightfeedback;
+                    $question->feedbackfalse = $wrongfeedback;
+                } else {
+                    $question->correctanswer = 0;
+                    $question->feedbacktrue = $wrongfeedback;
+                    $question->feedbackfalse = $rightfeedback;
+                }
+
+                $question->penalty = 1;
+
+                return $question;
+
+            case 'shortanswer':
+                // Shortanswer question.
+                $answers = explode("=", $answertext);
+                if (isset($answers[0])) {
+                    $answers[0] = trim($answers[0]);
+                }
+                if (empty($answers[0])) {
+                    array_shift($answers);
+                }
+
+                if (!$this->check_answer_count(1, $answers, $text)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                foreach ($answers as $key => $answer) {
+                    $answer = trim($answer);
+
+                    // Answer weight.
+                    if (preg_match($giftanswerweightregex, $answer)) {    // Check for properly formatted answer weight.
+                        $answerweight = $this->answerweightparser($answer);
+                    } else {     // Default, i.e., full-credit anwer.
+                        $answerweight = 1;
+                    }
+
+                    list($answer, $question->feedback[$key]) = $this->commentparser(
+                            $answer, $question->questiontextformat);
+
+                    $question->answer[$key] = $answer['text'];
+                    $question->fraction[$key] = $answerweight;
+                }
+
+                return $question;
+
+            case 'numerical':
+                // Note similarities to ShortAnswer.
+                $answertext = substr($answertext, 1); // Remove leading "#".
+
+                // If there is feedback for a wrong answer, store it for now.
+                if (($pos = strpos($answertext, '~')) !== false) {
+                    $wrongfeedback = substr($answertext, $pos);
+                    $answertext = substr($answertext, 0, $pos);
+                } else {
+                    $wrongfeedback = '';
+                }
+
+                $answers = explode("=", $answertext);
+                if (isset($answers[0])) {
+                    $answers[0] = trim($answers[0]);
+                }
+                if (empty($answers[0])) {
+                    array_shift($answers);
+                }
+
+                if (count($answers) == 0) {
+                    // Invalid question.
+                    $giftnonumericalanswers = get_string('giftnonumericalanswers', 'qformat_gift');
+                    $this->error($giftnonumericalanswers, $text);
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                foreach ($answers as $key => $answer) {
+                    $answer = trim($answer);
+
+                    // Answer weight.
+                    if (preg_match($giftanswerweightregex, $answer)) {    // Check for properly formatted answer weight.
+                        $answerweight = $this->answerweightparser($answer);
+                    } else {     // Default, i.e., full-credit anwer.
+                        $answerweight = 1;
+                    }
+
+                    list($answer, $question->feedback[$key]) = $this->commentparser(
+                            $answer, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    $question->fraction[$key] = $answerweight;
+                    $answer = $answer['text'];
+
+                    // Calculate Answer and Min/Max values.
+                    if (strpos($answer, "..") > 0) { // Optional [min]..[max] format.
+                        $marker = strpos($answer, "..");
+                        $max = trim(substr($answer, $marker + 2));
+                        $min = trim(substr($answer, 0, $marker));
+                        $ans = ($max + $min)/2;
+                        $tol = $max - $ans;
+                    } else if (strpos($answer, ':') > 0) { // Standard [answer]:[errormargin] format.
+                        $marker = strpos($answer, ':');
+                        $tol = trim(substr($answer, $marker+1));
+                        $ans = trim(substr($answer, 0, $marker));
+                    } else { // Only one valid answer (zero errormargin).
+                        $tol = 0;
+                        $ans = trim($answer);
+                    }
+
+                    if (!(is_numeric($ans) || $ans = '*') || !is_numeric($tol)) {
+                            $errornotnumbers = get_string('errornotnumbers');
+                            $this->error($errornotnumbers, $text);
+                        return false;
+                    }
+
+                    // Store results.
+                    $question->answer[$key] = $ans;
+                    $question->tolerance[$key] = $tol;
+                }
+
+                if ($wrongfeedback) {
+                    $key += 1;
+                    $question->fraction[$key] = 0;
+                    list($notused, $question->feedback[$key]) = $this->commentparser(
+                            $wrongfeedback, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    $question->answer[$key] = '*';
+                    $question->tolerance[$key] = '';
+                }
+
+                return $question;
+
+            default:
+                $this->error(get_string('giftnovalidquestion', 'qformat_gift'), $text);
+                return false;
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected function repchar($text, $notused = 0) {
+        // Escapes 'reserved' characters # = ~ {) :
+        // Removes new lines.
+        $reserved = array(  '\\',  '#', '=', '~', '{', '}', ':', "\n", "\r");
+        $escaped =  array('\\\\', '\#', '\=', '\~', '\{', '\}', '\:', '\n', '');
+
+        $newtext = str_replace($reserved, $escaped, $text);
+        return $newtext;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param int $format one of the FORMAT_ constants.
+     * @return string the corresponding name.
+     */
+    protected function format_const_to_name($format) {
+        if ($format == FORMAT_MOODLE) {
+            return 'moodle';
+        } else if ($format == FORMAT_HTML) {
+            return 'html';
+        } else if ($format == FORMAT_PLAIN) {
+            return 'plain';
+        } else if ($format == FORMAT_MARKDOWN) {
+            return 'markdown';
+        } else {
+            return 'moodle';
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param int $format one of the FORMAT_ constants.
+     * @return string the corresponding name.
+     */
+    protected function format_name_to_const($format) {
+        if ($format == 'moodle') {
+            return FORMAT_MOODLE;
+        } else if ($format == 'html') {
+            return FORMAT_HTML;
+        } else if ($format == 'plain') {
+            return FORMAT_PLAIN;
+        } else if ($format == 'markdown') {
+            return FORMAT_MARKDOWN;
+        } else {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extract any tags or idnumber declared in the question comment.
+     *
+     * @param string $comment E.g. "// Line 1.\n//Line 2.\n".
+     * @return array with two elements. string $idnumber (or '') and string[] of tags.
+     */
+    public function extract_idnumber_and_tags_from_comment(string $comment): array {
+
+        // Find the idnumber, if any. There should not be more than one, but if so, we just find the first.
+        $idnumber = '';
+        if (preg_match('~
+                # Start of id token.
+                \[id:
+
+                # Any number of (non-control) characters, with any ] escaped.
+                # This is the bit we want so capture it.
+                (
+                    (?:\\\\]|[^][:cntrl:]])+
+                )
+
+                # End of id token.
+                ]
+                ~x', $comment, $match)) {
+            $idnumber = str_replace('\]', ']', trim($match[1]));
+        }
+
+        // Find any tags.
+        $tags = [];
+        if (preg_match_all('~
+                # Start of tag token.
+                \[tag:
+
+                # Any number of allowed characters (see PARAM_TAG), with any ] escaped.
+                # This is the bit we want so capture it.
+                (
+                    (?:\\\\]|[^]<>`[:cntrl:]]|)+
+                )
+
+                # End of tag token.
+                ]
+                ~x', $comment, $matches)) {
+            foreach ($matches[1] as $rawtag) {
+                $tags[] = str_replace('\]', ']', trim($rawtag));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return [$idnumber, $tags];
+    }
+
+    public function write_name($name) {
+        return '::' . $this->repchar($name) . '::';
+    }
+
+    public function write_questiontext($text, $format, $defaultformat = FORMAT_MOODLE) {
+        $output = '';
+        if ($text != '' && $format != $defaultformat) {
+            $output .= '[' . $this->format_const_to_name($format) . ']';
+        }
+        $output .= $this->repchar($text, $format);
+        return $output;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Outputs the general feedback for the question, if any. This needs to be the
+     * last thing before the }.
+     * @param object $question the question data.
+     * @param string $indent to put before the general feedback. Defaults to a tab.
+     *      If this is not blank, a newline is added after the line.
+     */
+    public function write_general_feedback($question, $indent = "\t") {
+        $generalfeedback = $this->write_questiontext($question->generalfeedback,
+                $question->generalfeedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+
+        if ($generalfeedback) {
+            $generalfeedback = '####' . $generalfeedback;
+            if ($indent) {
+                $generalfeedback = $indent . $generalfeedback . "\n";
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $generalfeedback;
+    }
+
+    public function writequestion($question) {
+
+        // Start with a comment.
+        $expout = "// question: {$question->id}  name: {$question->name}\n";
+        $expout .= $this->write_idnumber_and_tags($question);
+
+        // Output depends on question type.
+        switch($question->qtype) {
+
+            case 'category':
+                // Not a real question, used to insert category switch.
+                $expout .= "\$CATEGORY: $question->category\n";
+                break;
+
+            case 'description':
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                break;
+
+            case 'essay':
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                $expout .= "{";
+                $expout .= $this->write_general_feedback($question, '');
+                $expout .= "}\n";
+                break;
+
+            case 'truefalse':
+                $trueanswer = $question->options->answers[$question->options->trueanswer];
+                $falseanswer = $question->options->answers[$question->options->falseanswer];
+                if ($trueanswer->fraction == 1) {
+                    $answertext = 'TRUE';
+                    $rightfeedback = $this->write_questiontext($trueanswer->feedback,
+                            $trueanswer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    $wrongfeedback = $this->write_questiontext($falseanswer->feedback,
+                            $falseanswer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+                } else {
+                    $answertext = 'FALSE';
+                    $rightfeedback = $this->write_questiontext($falseanswer->feedback,
+                            $falseanswer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    $wrongfeedback = $this->write_questiontext($trueanswer->feedback,
+                            $trueanswer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+                }
+
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                $expout .= '{' . $this->repchar($answertext);
+                if ($wrongfeedback) {
+                    $expout .= '#' . $wrongfeedback;
+                } else if ($rightfeedback) {
+                    $expout .= '#';
+                }
+                if ($rightfeedback) {
+                    $expout .= '#' . $rightfeedback;
+                }
+                $expout .= $this->write_general_feedback($question, '');
+                $expout .= "}\n";
+                break;
+
+            case 'multichoice':
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                $expout .= "{\n";
+                foreach ($question->options->answers as $answer) {
+                    if ($answer->fraction == 1 && $question->options->single) {
+                        $answertext = '=';
+                    } else if ($answer->fraction == 0) {
+                        $answertext = '~';
+                    } else {
+                        $weight = $answer->fraction * 100;
+                        $answertext = '~%' . $weight . '%';
+                    }
+                    $expout .= "\t" . $answertext . $this->write_questiontext($answer->answer,
+                                $answer->answerformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    if ($answer->feedback != '') {
+                        $expout .= '#' . $this->write_questiontext($answer->feedback,
+                                $answer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat);
+                    }
+                    $expout .= "\n";
+                }
+                $expout .= $this->write_general_feedback($question);
+                $expout .= "}\n";
+                break;
+
+            case 'shortanswer':
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                $expout .= "{\n";
+                foreach ($question->options->answers as $answer) {
+                    $weight = 100 * $answer->fraction;
+                    $expout .= "\t=%" . $weight . '%' . $this->repchar($answer->answer) .
+                            '#' . $this->write_questiontext($answer->feedback,
+                                $answer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat) . "\n";
+                }
+                $expout .= $this->write_general_feedback($question);
+                $expout .= "}\n";
+                break;
+
+            case 'numerical':
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                $expout .= "{#\n";
+                foreach ($question->options->answers as $answer) {
+                    if ($answer->answer != '' && $answer->answer != '*') {
+                        $weight = 100 * $answer->fraction;
+                        $expout .= "\t=%" . $weight . '%' . $answer->answer . ':' .
+                                (float)$answer->tolerance . '#' . $this->write_questiontext($answer->feedback,
+                                $answer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat) . "\n";
+                    } else {
+                        $expout .= "\t~#" . $this->write_questiontext($answer->feedback,
+                                $answer->feedbackformat, $question->questiontextformat) . "\n";
+                    }
+                }
+                $expout .= $this->write_general_feedback($question);
+                $expout .= "}\n";
+                break;
+
+            case 'match':
+                $expout .= $this->write_name($question->name);
+                $expout .= $this->write_questiontext($question->questiontext, $question->questiontextformat);
+                $expout .= "{\n";
+                foreach ($question->options->subquestions as $subquestion) {
+                    $expout .= "\t=" . $this->write_questiontext($subquestion->questiontext,
+                            $subquestion->questiontextformat, $question->questiontextformat) .
+                            ' -> ' . $this->repchar($subquestion->answertext) . "\n";
+                }
+                $expout .= $this->write_general_feedback($question);
+                $expout .= "}\n";
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                // Check for plugins.
+                if ($out = $this->try_exporting_using_qtypes($question->qtype, $question)) {
+                    $expout .= $out;
+                }
+        }
+
+        // Add empty line to delimit questions.
+        $expout .= "\n";
+        return $expout;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepare any question idnumber or tags for export.
+     *
+     * @param stdClass $questiondata the question data we are exporting.
+     * @return string a string that can be written as a line in the GIFT file,
+     *      e.g. "// [id:myid] [tag:some-tag]\n". Will be '' if none.
+     */
+    public function write_idnumber_and_tags(stdClass $questiondata): string {
+        if ($questiondata->qtype == 'category') {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $bits = [];
+
+        if (isset($questiondata->idnumber) && $questiondata->idnumber !== '') {
+            $bits[] = '[id:' . str_replace(']', '\]', $questiondata->idnumber) . ']';
+        }
+
+        // Write the question tags.
+        if (core_tag_tag::is_enabled('core_question', 'question')) {
+            $tagobjects = core_tag_tag::get_item_tags('core_question', 'question', $questiondata->id);
+
+            if (!empty($tagobjects)) {
+                $context = context::instance_by_id($questiondata->contextid);
+                $sortedtagobjects = question_sort_tags($tagobjects, $context, [$this->course]);
+
+                // Currently we ignore course tags. This should probably be fixed in future.
+
+                if (!empty($sortedtagobjects->tags)) {
+                    foreach ($sortedtagobjects->tags as $tag) {
+                        $bits[] = '[tag:' . str_replace(']', '\]', $tag) . ']';
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!$bits) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        return '// ' . implode(' ', $bits) . "\n";
+    }
+}

question/format/gift/lang/en/qformat_gift.php

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_gift', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_gift
+ * @copyright  1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas  {@link http://moodle.com}
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['braceerror'] = 'Could not find {...} around answers';
+$string['giftleftbraceerror'] = 'Could not find a {';
+$string['giftmatchingformat'] = 'Matching question answers are improperly formatted';
+$string['giftnonumericalanswers'] = 'No answers found for numerical question';
+$string['giftnovalidquestion'] = 'No valid question found';
+$string['giftqtypenotset'] = 'Question type is not set';
+$string['giftrightbraceerror'] = 'Could not find a }';
+$string['importminerror'] = 'There is an error in the question. There are not enough answers for this question type';
+$string['nohandler'] = 'No handler for question type {$a}';
+$string['pluginname'] = 'GIFT format';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'GIFT format enables multiple choice, true/false, short answer, matching, missing word, numerical and essay questions to be imported or exported via text file.';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'qformat/gift';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The GIFT question format plugin does not store any personal data.';

question/format/gift/tests/behat/import_export.feature

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+@qformat @qformat_gift
+Feature: Test importing questions from GIFT format.
+  In order to reuse questions
+  As an teacher
+  I need to be able to import them in GIFT format.
+
+  Background:
+    Given the following "courses" exist:
+      | fullname | shortname | format |
+      | Course 1 | C1        | topics |
+    And the following "users" exist:
+      | username | firstname |
+      | teacher  | Teacher   |
+    And the following "course enrolments" exist:
+      | user    | course | role           |
+      | teacher | C1     | editingteacher |
+    And I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question import" page logged in as "teacher"
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some GIFT questions
+    When I set the field "id_format_gift" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/gift/tests/fixtures/questions.gift.txt" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 9 questions from file"
+    And I should see "What's between orange and green in the spectrum?"
+    When I press "Continue"
+    Then I should see "colours"
+
+    # Now export again.
+    And I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question export" page
+    And I set the field "id_format_gift" to "1"
+    And I press "Export questions to file"
+    And following "click here" should download a file that:
+      | Has mimetype  | text/plain                                       |
+      | Contains text | What's between orange and green in the spectrum? |
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import a GIFT file which specifies the category
+    When I set the field "id_format_gift" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/gift/tests/fixtures/questions_in_category.gift.txt" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 4 questions from file"
+    And I should see "Match the activity to the description."
+    When I press "Continue"
+    Then I should see "Moodle activities"
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some GIFT questions with unsupported encoding
+    When I set the field "id_format_gift" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/gift/tests/fixtures/questions_encoding_windows-1252.gift.txt" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "The file you selected does not use UTF-8 character encoding. GIFT format files must use UTF-8."

question/format/gift/tests/fixtures/questions.gift.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// essay
+::Q8:: How are you? {}
+
+// question: 2  name: Moodle activities
+::Moodle activities::[html]Match the <b>activity</b> to the description.{
+    =[html]An activity supporting asynchronous discussions. -> Forum
+    =[moodle]A teacher asks a question and specifies a choice of multiple responses. -> Choice
+    =[plain]A bank of record entries which participants can add to. -> Database
+    =[markdown]A collection of web pages that anyone can add to or edit. -> Wiki
+    = -> Chat
+}
+
+// multiple choice with specified feedback for right and wrong answers
+::Q2:: What's between orange and green in the spectrum?
+{
+    =yellow # right; good!
+    ~red # [html]wrong, it's yellow
+    ~[plain]blue # wrong, it's yellow
+}
+
+// multiple choice, multiple response with specified feedback for right and wrong answers
+::colours:: What's between orange and green in the spectrum?
+{
+    ~%50%yellow # right; good!
+    ~%-100%red # [html]wrong
+    ~%50%off-beige # right; good!
+    ~%-100%[plain]blue # wrong
+}
+
+// math range question
+::Q5:: What is a number from 1 to 5? {#3:2~#Completely wrong}";
+
+// question: 666  name: Shortanswer
+::Shortanswer::Which is the best animal?{
+    =Frog#Good!
+    =%50%Cat#What is it with Moodlers and cats?
+    =%0%*#Completely wrong
+}
+
+// true/false, with general feedback
+::Q1:: 42 is the Absolute Answer to everything.{
+FALSE#42 is the Ultimate Answer.#You gave the right answer.
+####This is, of course, a Hitchiker's Guide to the Galaxy reference.}";
+
+// name 0-11
+::2-08 TSL::TSL is blablabla.{T}
+
+// name 0-11
+::2-08 TSL::TSL is blablabla.{TRUE}

question/format/gift/tests/fixtures/questions_encoding_windows-1252.gift.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// question: 0  name: Switch category to $course$/top/Default for LTTEST
+$CATEGORY: $course$/top/Default for LTTEST
+
+
+// question: 19756780  name: asdf
+::asdf::[html]<p>asdf<br></p>{}
+
+
+// question: 19756810  name: test daniel
+::test daniel::[html]<p>asdfasdf</p>{}
+
+
+// question: 19756750  name: asdf
+::asdf::[html]<p>asdf<br></p>{
+	=<p>aödf<br></p> -> asdf
+	=<p>asdf<br></p> -> asdf
+	=<p>asdf<br></p> -> asdf
+}

question/format/gift/tests/fixtures/questions_in_category.gift.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// question: 0  name: switch category to $course$/Default for New Features
+$CATEGORY: $course$/Default for New Features
+
+// question: 44  name: Moodle activities
+::Moodle activities::[html]Match the activity to the description.{
+	=An activity supporting asynchronous discussions. -> Forum
+	=A teacher asks a question and specifies a choice of multiple responses. -> Choice
+	=A bank of record entries which participants can add to. -> Database
+	=A collection of web pages that anyone can add to or edit. -> Wiki
+	= -> Chat
+}
+
+// question: 43  name: Greeting
+::Greeting::[html]<a href\="http\://demo.moodle.net/file.php/5/media/bonjour.mp3">Listen to this greeting\:</a><br /><br />What language is being spoken?{
+	~English#Sorry, listen again.
+	=French#Yes, well done!
+	~German#Sorry, listen again.
+	~Spanish#Sorry, listen again.
+}
+
+// question: 46  name: Moodle user
+::Moodle user::[html]Anyone who uses Moodle is a ...{
+	=%100%Moodler#
+}
+
+// question: 45  name: Moodle acronym
+::Moodle acronym::[html]Moodle is an acronym for <span style\="font-style\: italic;">Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment</span>.{TRUE}

question/format/gift/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the calculated question type.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_gift
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_gift';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;

question/format/missingword/classes/privacy/provider.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_missingword.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_missingword
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_missingword\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_missingword implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/missingword/format.php

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Missing word question importer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_missingword
+ * @copyright  1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas {@link http://moodle.com}
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+
+/**
+ * Missing word question importer.
+ *
+ * This Moodle class provides all functions necessary to import and export
+ * one-correct-answer multiple choice questions in this format:
+ *
+ *    As soon as we begin to explore our body parts as infants
+ *    we become students of {=anatomy and physiology ~reflexology
+ *    ~science ~experiment}, and in a sense we remain students for life.
+ *
+ * Each answer is separated with a tilde ~, and the correct answer is
+ * prefixed with an equals sign =
+ *
+ * Percentage weights can be included by following the tilde with the
+ * desired percent.  Comments can be included for each choice by following
+ * the comment with a hash mark ("#") and the comment.  Example:
+ *
+ *    This is {=the best answer#comment on the best answer ~75%a good
+ *    answer#comment on the good answer ~a wrong one#comment on the bad answer}
+ *
+ * @copyright  1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas {@link http://moodle.com}
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_missingword extends qformat_default {
+
+    public function provide_import() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate the given file.
+     *
+     * For more expensive or detailed integrity checks.
+     *
+     * @param stored_file $file the file to check
+     * @return string the error message that occurred while validating the given file
+     */
+    public function validate_file(stored_file $file): string {
+        return $this->validate_is_utf8_file($file);
+    }
+
+    public function readquestion($lines) {
+        // Given an array of lines known to define a question in
+        // this format, this function converts it into a question
+        // object suitable for processing and insertion into Moodle.
+
+        $question = $this->defaultquestion();
+        $comment = null; // Added by T Robb.
+        $text = implode(" ", $lines);
+
+        // Find answer section.
+
+        $answerstart = strpos($text, "{");
+        if ($answerstart === false) {
+            $this->error(get_string('beginanswernotfound', 'qformat_missingword'), $text);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $answerfinish = strpos($text, "}");
+        if ($answerfinish === false) {
+            $this->error(get_string('endanswernotfound', 'qformat_missingword'), $text);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $answerlength = $answerfinish - $answerstart;
+        $answertext = substr($text, $answerstart + 1, $answerlength - 1);
+
+        // Save the new question text.
+        $question->questiontext = substr_replace($text, "_____", $answerstart, $answerlength+1);
+        $question->name = $this->create_default_question_name($question->questiontext, get_string('questionname', 'question'));
+
+        // Parse the answers.
+        $answertext = str_replace("=", "~=", $answertext);
+        $answers = explode("~", $answertext);
+        if (isset($answers[0])) {
+            $answers[0] = trim($answers[0]);
+        }
+        if (empty($answers[0])) {
+            array_shift($answers);
+        }
+
+        $countanswers = count($answers);
+
+        switch ($countanswers) {
+            case 0:  // Invalid question.
+                $this->error(get_string('noanswerfound', 'qformat_missingword'), $answertext);
+                return false;
+
+            case 1:
+                $question->qtype = 'shortanswer';
+
+                $answer = trim($answers[0]);
+                if ($answer[0] == "=") {
+                    $answer = substr($answer, 1);
+                }
+                $question->answer[]   = $answer;
+                $question->fraction[] = 1;
+                $question->feedback[] = array('text' => '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+
+                return $question;
+
+            default:
+                $question->qtype = 'multichoice';
+                $question = $this->add_blank_combined_feedback($question);
+                $question->single = 1; // Only one answer allowed.
+
+                foreach ($answers as $key => $answer) {
+                    $answer = trim($answer);
+
+                    // Tom's addition starts here.
+                    $answeight = 0;
+                    if (strspn($answer, "1234567890%") > 0) {
+                        // Make sure that the percent sign is the last in the span.
+                        if (strpos($answer, "%") == strspn($answer, "1234567890%") - 1) {
+                            $answeight0 = substr($answer, 0, strspn($answer, "1234567890%"));
+                            $answeight = round(($answeight0/100), 2);
+                            $answer = substr($answer, (strspn($answer, "1234567890%")));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if ($answer[0] == "=") {
+                        $answeight = 1;
+                    }
+                    // Remove the protective underscore for leading numbers in answers.
+                    if ($answer[0] == "_") {
+                        $answer = substr($answer, 1);
+                    }
+                    $answer = trim($answer);
+
+                    if (strpos($answer, "#") > 0) {
+                        $hashpos = strpos($answer, "#");
+                        $comment = substr(($answer), $hashpos+1);
+                        $answer  = substr($answer, 0, $hashpos);
+                    } else {
+                        $comment = " ";
+                    }
+                    // End of Tom's addition.
+
+                    if ($answer[0] == "=") {
+                        $question->fraction[$key] = $answeight;
+                        $answer = substr($answer, 1);
+                    } else {
+                        $question->fraction[$key] = $answeight;
+                    }
+                    $question->answer[$key]   = array('text' => $answer, 'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+                    $question->feedback[$key] = array('text' => $comment, 'format' => FORMAT_HTML);
+                }
+
+                return $question;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+

question/format/missingword/lang/en/qformat_missingword.php

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_missingword', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_missingword
+ * @copyright  2010 Helen Foster
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['pluginname'] = 'Missing word format';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'Missing word format enables questions to be imported via text file.';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'qformat/missingword';
+$string['beginanswernotfound'] = 'Could not find a required "{" character in imported file content.';
+$string['endanswernotfound'] = 'Could not find a required "}" character in imported file content.';
+$string['noanswerfound'] = 'No answers found in question';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The Missing word question format plugin does not store any personal data.';

question/format/missingword/tests/fixtures/question.missingword1.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+As soon as we begin to explore our body parts as infants
+we become students of {=anatomy and physiology ~reflexology
+~science ~experiment}, and in a sense we remain students for life.

question/format/missingword/tests/fixtures/question.missingword2.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+You can use the missing word format to import questions
+into both Moodle's Question bank and {=Lesson} activity.

question/format/missingword/tests/fixtures/question.missingword3.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This is {=the best answer#comment on the best answer ~75%a good
+answer#comment on the good answer ~a wrong one#comment on the bad answer}

question/format/missingword/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the calculated question type.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_missingword
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_missingword';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;

question/format/multianswer/classes/privacy/provider.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_multianswer.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_multianswer
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_multianswer\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_multianswer implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/multianswer/format.php

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Embedded answer (Cloze) question importer.
+ *
+ * @package   qformat_multianswer
+ * @copyright 2003 Henrik Kaipe
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+
+/**
+ * Importer that imports a text file containing a single Multianswer question
+ * from a text file.
+ *
+ * @copyright 2003 Henrik Kaipe
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_multianswer extends qformat_default {
+
+    public function provide_import() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate the given file.
+     *
+     * For more expensive or detailed integrity checks.
+     *
+     * @param stored_file $file the file to check
+     * @return string the error message that occurred while validating the given file
+     */
+    public function validate_file(stored_file $file): string {
+        return $this->validate_is_utf8_file($file);
+    }
+
+    public function readquestions($lines) {
+        question_bank::get_qtype('multianswer'); // Ensure the multianswer code is loaded.
+
+        // For this class the method has been simplified as
+        // there can never be more than one question for a
+        // multianswer import.
+        $questions = array();
+
+        $questiontext = array();
+        $questiontext['text'] = implode('', $lines);
+        $questiontext['format'] = FORMAT_MOODLE;
+        $questiontext['itemid'] = '';
+
+        $question = qtype_multianswer_extract_question($questiontext);
+        $errors = qtype_multianswer_validate_question($question);
+        if ($errors) {
+            $this->error(get_string('invalidmultianswerquestion', 'qtype_multianswer', implode(' ', $errors)));
+            return array();
+        }
+
+        $question->questiontext = $question->questiontext['text'];
+        $question->questiontextformat = 0;
+
+        $question->qtype = 'multianswer';
+        $question->generalfeedback = '';
+        $question->generalfeedbackformat = FORMAT_MOODLE;
+        $question->length = 1;
+        $question->penalty = 0.3333333;
+        $question->status = \core_question\local\bank\question_version_status::QUESTION_STATUS_READY;
+        $question->version = 1;
+        $question->versionid = 0;
+        $question->questionbankentryid = 0;
+
+        if (!empty($question)) {
+            $question->name = $this->create_default_question_name($question->questiontext, get_string('questionname', 'question'));
+            $questions[] = $question;
+        }
+
+        return $questions;
+    }
+}

question/format/multianswer/lang/en/qformat_multianswer.php

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_multianswer', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_multianswer
+ * @copyright  2010 Helen Foster
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['pluginname'] = 'Embedded answers (Cloze)';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'Embedded answers (Cloze) format enables the import of a passage of text with questions such as multiple-choice and short answer embedded within it.';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'question/type/multianswer';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The Embedded answers question plugin does not store any personal data.';

question/format/multianswer/tests/fixtures/broken_multianswer_1.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Please select the fruits {1:MULTICHOICE:=Apple#Correct}

question/format/multianswer/tests/fixtures/broken_multianswer_2.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Please select the fruits {1:MULTICHOICE:Pear#Incorrect~%50%Apple#Correct}

question/format/multianswer/tests/fixtures/broken_multianswer_3.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+What grade would you give it? {3:NUMERICAL:=zero}

question/format/multianswer/tests/fixtures/broken_multianswer_4.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Please select the fruits.

question/format/multianswer/tests/fixtures/multianswer-all-types.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 3911  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name>
+      <text>All CLOZE types in one question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<h5>MULTICHOICE</h5>
+<p>Whenever we talk about Asterix we have to imagine the times {1:MULTICHOICE:200 B.C.#too early~=50 B.C.#Correct~50 A.C.#100 years too late~200 A.C.#too late}</p>
+<p>Asterix is best know to be a brave warrior. With his best friend {1:MULTICHOICE_H:Idefix#That's the dog of Obelix~=Obelix#His mate~Troubadix#He is the bard and sings horribly} he experiences many adventures.</p>
+<p>According to the story Asterix has never been traveled to {1:MULTICHOICE_V:America#Asterix and the great crossing~=Australia#That was too far away at that time~India#Asterix and the Magic Carpet}</p>
+<p>Many quotes in the comics are written in {1:MULTICHOICE_S:Greek#While the olympic games were known at the time and Asterix actually participated at the games, the greek language was not widely used.~Hebrew#The heroes haven't been to the middle east.~=Latin#Yes, many quotes are in latin.} language.</p>
+<p>Obelix owns a company. In some of the episodes he first delivers {1:MULTICHOICE_HS:Fish#No, that's the quarrel between to other citizens of the village.~=a Menhir#Yes, he fabricates these types of obelisks.~a wild boar#No, he actually would eat, rather than delivering them.} before he can head off with Asterix to new adventures.</p>
+<p>In the name of Obelix, Methusalix and Miraculix hides a roman number. Which one is it? {1:MULTICHOICE_VS:=59#Yes~51#No, that's LI~109#No, that's CIX~509#No, that's DIX}</p>
+<hr>
+<h5>MULTIRESPONSE</h5>
+<p>To the Simpsons family belong the following persons: {1:MULTIRESPONSE:=Marge#Correct, she is the mother~Fred#No, he's not the husband of Marge~=Lisa#She's the daughter of Marge~Anna#Nope, she is from Frozen}</p>
+<p>Marge is known for her {1:MULTIRESPONSE_H:%100%blue hair#yes, that's true~%0%being very greedy#Not that we know of~%50%being a soccer mom#Not in all aspects}</p>
+<p>Whenever the children {1:MULTIRESPONSE_S:=Bart#first born son~=Lisa#first born daughter~Marge#Nope, that is the mother~=Maggie#Last born child~Abraham#He is the grandfather} need the help of her parents, they try to be there for them.</p>
+<p>The Simpsons series is known to "forsee" the future. These events {1:MULTIRESPONSE_HS:%100%Trump becomes president#in "Bart to the future"~%100%20th Century Fox as a division of The Walt Disney Company.#in "When You Dish Upon a Star"~O.J Simpson was convicted as a murderer#no, that is made up~=The Titanic submarine implosion#In one episode in 2006} were a topic in an episode many years before they actually happened.</p>
+<hr>
+<h5>NUMERICAL and SHORTANSWER</h5>
+<p>Let's start easy. Water freezes at 0°C and {1:NUMERICAL:=32:0#Must be exact} Farenheit. But, do you know that water is boiling at {1:NUMERICAL:=212:0#Exact~%50%212:10#Close, you get at least half the points.} Fahrenkeit?</p>
+<p>Let's be fair: Anders Celsius, after whom a temperature scale was named was born in which year? {3:NUMERICAL:%100%1701:0#Exact match~%66%1701:20#Within the tolerance of 20 years.~%33%1701:50#Within the tolerance of 20 years.} This answer is worth 3 points when you know the exact year, 2 points when you are off by 20 years, and still 1 point when you are off by 50 years.</p>
+<p>Fahrnheit lived some years before Celcius. You may have noticed already that the spelling of the scientist was different every time he was mentioned. Please spell his name correctly: {1:SHORTANSWER:=Fahrenheit#That's correct.}</p>
+<p>Water consists of Hydrogen and Oxygen. Please write down the correct formula: {1:SHORTANSWER_C:=H<sub>2</sub>O#That is correct.~=H2O#That's correct (the 2 is usually subscripted but not possible during input).~h2O#Both Oxygen and Hydrogen are used with upper case letters.~H2o#Both Oxygen and Hydrogen are used with upper case letters.~h2o#Both Oxygen and Hydrogen are used with upper case letters.}</p>
+<p>The word used for a famous beverage made from fermented grain mash was derived from "<i>uisge beatha</i>" or "<i>uisce beatha</i>" which means "water of life". Under which name is the beverage worldwide known for? {1:SHORTANSWER:=Whisky#english~=Whiskey#mostly in Scottland and the US.~%50%Wiskey#That's not spelled correctly.~%25%Wisky#That's hardly recognizable.}</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>To get to know more about Asterix and his friends, read the more than 40 comic books.</p>]]></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+</quiz>

question/format/multianswer/tests/fixtures/questions.multianswer.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Match the following cities with the correct state:
+* San Francisco: {1:MULTICHOICE:=California#OK~Arizona#Wrong}
+* Tucson: {1:MULTICHOICE:California#Wrong~%100%Arizona#OK}
+* Los Angeles: {1:MULTICHOICE:=California#OK~Arizona#Wrong}
+* Phoenix: {1:MULTICHOICE:%0%California#Wrong~=Arizona#OK}
+The capital of France is {1:SHORTANSWER:%100%Paris#Congratulations!
+~%50%Marseille#No, that is the second largest city in France (after
+Paris).~*#Wrong answer. The capital of France is Paris, of course.}.

question/format/multianswer/tests/multianswerformat_test.php

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+namespace qformat_multianswer;
+
+use qformat_multianswer;
+use question_check_specified_fields_expectation;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+global $CFG;
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/multianswer/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/engine/tests/helpers.php');
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the Embedded answer (Cloze) question importer.
+ *
+ * @package   qformat_multianswer
+ * @copyright 2012 The Open University
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class multianswerformat_test extends \question_testcase {
+
+    public function test_import(): void {
+        $lines = file(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/questions.multianswer.txt');
+
+        $importer = new qformat_multianswer();
+        $qs = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+
+        $expectedq = (object) array(
+            'name' => 'Match the following cities with the correct state:
+* San Francisco: {#1}
+* ...',
+            'questiontext' => 'Match the following cities with the correct state:
+* San Francisco: {#1}
+* Tucson: {#2}
+* Los Angeles: {#3}
+* Phoenix: {#4}
+The capital of France is {#5}.
+',
+            'questiontextformat' => FORMAT_MOODLE,
+            'generalfeedback' => '',
+            'generalfeedbackformat' => FORMAT_MOODLE,
+            'qtype' => 'multianswer',
+            'defaultmark' => 5,
+            'penalty' => 0.3333333,
+            'length' => 1,
+        );
+
+        $this->assertEquals(1, count($qs));
+        $this->assert(new question_check_specified_fields_expectation($expectedq), $qs[0]);
+
+        $this->assertEquals('multichoice', $qs[0]->options->questions[1]->qtype);
+        $this->assertEquals('multichoice', $qs[0]->options->questions[2]->qtype);
+        $this->assertEquals('multichoice', $qs[0]->options->questions[3]->qtype);
+        $this->assertEquals('multichoice', $qs[0]->options->questions[4]->qtype);
+        $this->assertEquals('shortanswer', $qs[0]->options->questions[5]->qtype);
+    }
+
+    public function test_read_brokencloze_1(): void {
+        $lines = file(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/broken_multianswer_1.txt');
+        $importer = new qformat_multianswer();
+
+        // The importer echoes some errors, so we need to capture and check that.
+        ob_start();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+        $output = ob_get_contents();
+        ob_end_clean();
+
+        // Check that there were some expected errors.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Invalid embedded answers (Cloze) question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('This type of question requires at least 2 choices', $output);
+
+        // No question  have been imported.
+        $this->assertCount(0, $questions);
+    }
+
+    public function test_read_brokencloze_2(): void {
+        $lines = file(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/broken_multianswer_2.txt');
+        $importer = new qformat_multianswer();
+
+        // The importer echoes some errors, so we need to capture and check that.
+        ob_start();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+        $output = ob_get_contents();
+        ob_end_clean();
+
+        // Check that there were some expected errors.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Invalid embedded answers (Cloze) question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('One of the answers should have a score of 100% so it is possible to get full marks for this question.',
+                $output);
+
+        // No question  have been imported.
+        $this->assertCount(0, $questions);
+    }
+
+    public function test_read_brokencloze_3(): void {
+        $lines = file(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/broken_multianswer_3.txt');
+        $importer = new qformat_multianswer();
+
+        // The importer echoes some errors, so we need to capture and check that.
+        ob_start();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+        $output = ob_get_contents();
+        ob_end_clean();
+
+        // Check that there were some expected errors.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Invalid embedded answers (Cloze) question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('The answer must be a number, for example -1.234 or 3e8, or \'*\'.', $output);
+
+        // No question  have been imported.
+        $this->assertCount(0, $questions);
+    }
+
+    public function test_read_brokencloze_4(): void {
+        $lines = file(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/broken_multianswer_4.txt');
+        $importer = new qformat_multianswer();
+
+        // The importer echoes some errors, so we need to capture and check that.
+        ob_start();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+        $output = ob_get_contents();
+        ob_end_clean();
+
+        // Check that there were some expected errors.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Invalid embedded answers (Cloze) question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('The question text must include at least one embedded answer.', $output);
+
+        // No question  have been imported.
+        $this->assertCount(0, $questions);
+    }
+}

question/format/multianswer/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the calculated question type.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_multianswer
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_multianswer';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;

question/format/upgrade.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+This files describes API changes for question import/export format plugins.
+
+=== 4.0 ===
+
+1) The major question bank changes should not affect import/export plugins.
+   The navigation changes may affect Behat tests. If you encounter this,
+   the best way to fix it is to use the new navigation steps in MDL-74130.
+
+2) The new validate_file() method in question/format.php can be overwritten
+   to implement more expensive or detailed file integrity checks for question imports.
+   There is a simple way to do this if you just want to check that the file is valid UTF-8,
+   which you can see an example of in format_gift.
+
+3) The ExamView question format has been completely removed.
+   (The last posts in http://forum.examview.com/index.php?
+   are from over 10 years ago and there are no moodle.org
+   discussions about Examview in the last 10 years.)
+
+4) The WebCT question format has been completely removed (WebCT was acquired by Blackboard in 2006).
+
+
+=== 3.6 ===
+
+* Saving question category descriptions (info) is now supported in Moodle XML import/export format.
+New xml-structure snippet for a question category:
+<question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>${$contexttypename}$/{$category_path}</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="{$format}">
+        <text>{$info_categorydescription}</text>
+    </info>
+</question>
+* The method importprocess() in question/format.php no longer accepts $category as a parameter.
+If required in a plugin then please override this method.
+
+=== 2.3 ===
+
+* This plugin type now supports cron in the standard way. If required, Create a
+  lib.php file containing
+function qformat_mypluginname_cron() {};
+
+=== 2.1.5 / 2.2.3 / 2.3 ===
+
+* The readquestions method used to take a second argument $context. However, at
+  the point where this method was called, it was impossible to know what
+  context the quetsions were going to be saved into, so the value could be
+  wrong. Also, none of the standard question formats were using this argument,
+  so it was removed. See MDL-32220.
+
+=== 2.2 ===
+
+* The plugin name used to be defined in a string called the same thing as the
+format, with assoicated help strings, for example:
+
+$string['aiken'] = 'Aiken format';
+$string['aiken_help'] = 'This is a simple format ...';
+$string['aiken_link'] = 'qformat/aiken';
+
+This needs to be changed to use the standard string name pluginname, as for
+other plugin types.
+
+$string['pluginname'] = 'Aiken format';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'This is a simple format ...';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'qformat/aiken';

question/format/xhtml/classes/privacy/provider.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_xhtml.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xhtml
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_xhtml\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_xhtml implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/xhtml/format.php

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * XHTML question exporter.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xhtml
+ * @copyright  2005 Howard Miller
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+
+/**
+ * XHTML question exporter.
+ *
+ * Exports questions as static HTML.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2005 Howard Miller
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_xhtml extends qformat_default {
+
+    public function provide_export() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected function repchar($text) {
+        return $text;
+    }
+
+    protected function writequestion($question) {
+        global $OUTPUT;
+        // Turns question into string.
+        // Question reflects database fields for general question and specific to type.
+
+        // If a category switch, just ignore.
+        if ($question->qtype=='category') {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        // Initial string.
+        $expout = "";
+        $id = $question->id;
+
+        // Add comment and div tags.
+        $expout .= "<!-- question: {$id}  name: {$question->name} -->\n";
+        $expout .= "<div class=\"question\">\n";
+
+        // Add header.
+        $expout .= "<h3>{$question->name}</h3>\n";
+
+        // Format and add the question text.
+        $text = question_rewrite_question_preview_urls($question->questiontext, $question->id,
+                $question->contextid, 'question', 'questiontext', $question->id,
+                $question->contextid, 'qformat_xhtml');
+        $expout .= '<p class="questiontext">' . format_text($text,
+                $question->questiontextformat, array('noclean' => true)) . "</p>\n";
+
+        // Selection depends on question type.
+        switch($question->qtype) {
+            case 'truefalse':
+                $sttrue = get_string('true', 'qtype_truefalse');
+                $stfalse = get_string('false', 'qtype_truefalse');
+                $expout .= "<ul class=\"truefalse\">\n";
+                $expout .= "  <li><input name=\"quest_{$id}\" type=\"radio\" value=\"{$sttrue}\" />{$sttrue}</li>\n";
+                $expout .= "  <li><input name=\"quest_{$id}\" type=\"radio\" value=\"{$stfalse}\" />{$stfalse}</li>\n";
+                $expout .= "</ul>\n";
+                break;
+            case 'multichoice':
+                $expout .= "<ul class=\"multichoice\">\n";
+                foreach ($question->options->answers as $answer) {
+                    $answertext = $this->repchar( $answer->answer );
+                    if ($question->options->single) {
+                        $expout .= "  <li><input name=\"quest_{$id}\" type=\"radio\" value=\""
+                                . s($answertext) . "\" />{$answertext}</li>\n";
+                    } else {
+                        $expout .= "  <li><input name=\"quest_{$id}\" type=\"checkbox\" value=\""
+                                . s($answertext) . "\" />{$answertext}</li>\n";
+                    }
+                }
+                $expout .= "</ul>\n";
+                break;
+            case 'shortanswer':
+                $expout .= html_writer::start_tag('ul', array('class' => 'shortanswer'));
+                $expout .= html_writer::start_tag('li');
+                $expout .= html_writer::label(get_string('answer'), 'quest_'.$id, false, array('class' => 'accesshide'));
+                $expout .= html_writer::empty_tag('input', array('id' => "quest_{$id}", 'name' => "quest_{$id}", 'type' => 'text'));
+                $expout .= html_writer::end_tag('li');
+                $expout .= html_writer::end_tag('ul');
+                break;
+            case 'numerical':
+                $expout .= html_writer::start_tag('ul', array('class' => 'numerical'));
+                $expout .= html_writer::start_tag('li');
+                $expout .= html_writer::label(get_string('answer'), 'quest_'.$id, false, array('class' => 'accesshide'));
+                $expout .= html_writer::empty_tag('input', array('id' => "quest_{$id}", 'name' => "quest_{$id}", 'type' => 'text'));
+                $expout .= html_writer::end_tag('li');
+                $expout .= html_writer::end_tag('ul');
+                break;
+            case 'match':
+                $expout .= html_writer::start_tag('ul', array('class' => 'match'));
+
+                // Build answer list.
+                $answerlist = array();
+                foreach ($question->options->subquestions as $subquestion) {
+                    $answerlist[] = $this->repchar( $subquestion->answertext );
+                }
+                shuffle( $answerlist ); // Random display order.
+
+                // Build select options.
+                $selectoptions = array();
+                foreach ($answerlist as $ans) {
+                    $selectoptions[s($ans)] = s($ans);
+                }
+
+                // Display.
+                $option = 0;
+                foreach ($question->options->subquestions as $subquestion) {
+                    // Build drop down for answers.
+                    $questiontext = $this->repchar( $subquestion->questiontext );
+                    if ($questiontext != '') {
+                        $dropdown = html_writer::label(get_string('answer', 'qtype_match', $option+1), 'quest_'.$id.'_'.$option,
+                                false, array('class' => 'accesshide'));
+                        $dropdown .= html_writer::select($selectoptions, "quest_{$id}_{$option}", '', false,
+                                array('id' => "quest_{$id}_{$option}"));
+                        $expout .= html_writer::tag('li', $questiontext);
+                        $expout .= $dropdown;
+                        $option++;
+                    }
+                }
+                $expout .= html_writer::end_tag('ul');
+                break;
+            case 'description':
+                break;
+            case 'multianswer':
+            default:
+                $expout .= "<!-- export of {$question->qtype} type is not supported  -->\n";
+        }
+        // Close off div.
+        $expout .= "</div>\n\n\n";
+        return $expout;
+    }
+
+
+    protected function presave_process($content) {
+        // Override method to allow us to add xhtml headers and footers.
+
+        global $CFG;
+
+        // Get css bit.
+        $csslines = file( "{$CFG->dirroot}/question/format/xhtml/xhtml.css" );
+        $css = implode( ' ', $csslines );
+
+        $xp =  "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN\"\n";
+        $xp .= "  \"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd\">\n";
+        $xp .= "<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\">\n";
+        $xp .= "<head>\n";
+        $xp .= "<meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\" />\n";
+        $xp .= "<title>Moodle Quiz XHTML Export</title>\n";
+        $xp .= "<style type=\"text/css\">\n";
+        $xp .= $css;
+        $xp .= "</style>\n";
+        $xp .= "</head>\n";
+        $xp .= "<body>\n";
+        $xp .= "<form action=\"...REPLACE ME...\" method=\"post\">\n\n";
+        $xp .= $content;
+        $xp .= "<p class=\"submit\">\n";
+        $xp .= "  <input type=\"submit\" />\n";
+        $xp .= "</p>\n";
+        $xp .= "</form>\n";
+        $xp .= "</body>\n";
+        $xp .= "</html>\n";
+
+        return $xp;
+    }
+
+    public function export_file_extension() {
+        return '.html';
+    }
+}

question/format/xhtml/lang/en/qformat_xhtml.php

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_xhtml', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xhtml
+ * @copyright  2010 Helen Foster
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['pluginname'] = 'XHTML format';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'XHTML format enables all questions in the category to be exported to a single page of strict XHTML for possible use in another application.';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'qformat/xhtml';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The XHTML question format plugin does not store any personal data.';

question/format/xhtml/lib.php

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Standard plugin entry points of the HTML question export format.
+ *
+ * @package   qformat_xhtml
+ * @copyright 2013 The Open University
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+
+/**
+ * Serve question files when they are displayed in this export format.
+ *
+ * @param context $previewcontext the quiz context
+ * @param int $questionid the question id.
+ * @param context $filecontext the file (question) context
+ * @param string $filecomponent the component the file belongs to.
+ * @param string $filearea the file area.
+ * @param array $args remaining file args.
+ * @param bool $forcedownload.
+ * @param array $options additional options affecting the file serving.
+ */
+function qformat_xhtml_question_preview_pluginfile($previewcontext, $questionid,
+        $filecontext, $filecomponent, $filearea, $args, $forcedownload, $options = array()) {
+    global $CFG;
+
+    list($context, $course, $cm) = get_context_info_array($previewcontext->id);
+    require_login($course, false, $cm);
+
+    question_require_capability_on($questionid, 'view');
+
+    $fs = get_file_storage();
+    $relativepath = implode('/', $args);
+    $fullpath = "/{$filecontext->id}/{$filecomponent}/{$filearea}/{$relativepath}";
+    if (!$file = $fs->get_file_by_hash(sha1($fullpath)) or $file->is_directory()) {
+        send_file_not_found();
+    }
+
+    send_stored_file($file, 0, 0, $forcedownload, $options);
+}

question/format/xhtml/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the calculated question type.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xhtml
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_xhtml';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;

question/format/xhtml/xhtml.css

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+body {
+    font-family: verdana, helvetica, sans-serif;
+    background-color: #fff;
+    color: #000;
+}
+
+.question {
+    border: 1px solid #ddd;
+    margin: 5px;
+    padding: 3px;
+}
+
+.question h3 {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size: 125%;
+}
+
+.question ul {
+    list-style-type: none;
+}

question/format/xml/classes/privacy/provider.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem implementation for qformat_xml.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xml
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+namespace qformat_xml\privacy;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+/**
+ * Privacy Subsystem for qformat_xml implementing null_provider.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2018 Andrew Nicols <andrew@nicols.co.uk>
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class provider implements \core_privacy\local\metadata\null_provider {
+
+    /**
+     * Get the language string identifier with the component's language
+     * file to explain why this plugin stores no data.
+     *
+     * @return  string
+     */
+    public static function get_reason(): string {
+        return 'privacy:metadata';
+    }
+}

question/format/xml/lang/en/qformat_xml.php

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Strings for component 'qformat_xml', language 'en', branch 'MOODLE_20_STABLE'
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xml
+ * @copyright  1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas  {@link http://moodle.com}
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+$string['invalidxml'] = 'Invalid XML file - string expected (use CDATA?)';
+$string['pluginname'] = 'Moodle XML format';
+$string['pluginname_help'] = 'This is a Moodle-specific format for importing and exporting questions.';
+$string['pluginname_link'] = 'qformat/xml';
+$string['privacy:metadata'] = 'The XML question format plugin does not store any personal data.';
+$string['truefalseimporterror'] = '<b>Warning</b>: The true/false question \'{$a->questiontext}\' could not be imported properly. It was not clear whether the correct answer is true or false. The question has been imported assuming that the answer is \'{$a->answer}\'. If this is not correct, you will need to edit the question.';
+$string['unsupportedexport'] = 'Question type {$a} is not supported by XML export';
+$string['xmlimportnoname'] = 'Missing question name in XML file';
+$string['xmlimportnoquestion'] = 'Missing question text in XML file';
+$string['xmltypeunsupported'] = 'Question type {$a} is not supported by XML import';

question/format/xml/tests/behat/import_export.feature

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+@qformat @qformat_xml
+Feature: Test importing questions from Moodle XML format.
+  In order to reuse questions
+  As an teacher
+  I need to be able to import them in XML format.
+
+  Background:
+    Given the following "courses" exist:
+      | fullname | shortname | format |
+      | Course 1 | C1        | topics |
+    And the following "users" exist:
+      | username | firstname |
+      | teacher  | Teacher   |
+    And the following "course enrolments" exist:
+      | user    | course | role           |
+      | teacher | C1     | editingteacher |
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some true/false questions from Moodle XML format
+    When I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question import" page logged in as "teacher"
+    And I set the field "id_format_xml" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/truefalse.xml" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 2 questions from file"
+    And I should see "is an acronym for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Education"
+    And I should see "is an acronym for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment"
+    When I press "Continue"
+    Then I should see "Moodle acronym (False)"
+    Then I should see "Moodle acronym (True)"
+
+    # Now export again.
+    When I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question export" page logged in as "teacher"
+    And I set the field "id_format_xml" to "1"
+    And I set the field "Export category" to "TrueFalse"
+    And I press "Export questions to file"
+    Then following "click here" should download a file that:
+      | Has mimetype                 | text/xml               |
+      | Contains text in xml element | Moodle acronym (True)  |
+      | Contains text in xml element | Moodle acronym (False) |
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some multiple choice questions from Moodle XML format
+    When I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question import" page logged in as "teacher"
+    And I set the field "id_format_xml" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/multichoice.xml" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 1 questions from file"
+    And I should see "What language is being spoken?"
+    When I press "Continue"
+    Then I should see "Greeting"
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some multi-answer questions from Moodle XML format
+    When I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question import" page logged in as "teacher"
+    And I set the field "id_format_xml" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/multianswer.xml" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 1 questions from file"
+    And I should see "Match the following cities with the correct state,"
+    When I press "Continue"
+    Then I should see "cloze with images"
+
+  @javascript @_file_upload
+  Scenario: import some questions with legacy-style images from Moodle XML format
+    When I am on the "Course 1" "core_question > course question import" page logged in as "teacher"
+    And I set the field "id_format_xml" to "1"
+    And I upload "question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/sample_questions_with_old_image_tag.xml" file to "Import" filemanager
+    And I press "id_submitbutton"
+    Then I should see "Parsing questions from import file."
+    And I should see "Importing 2 questions from file"
+    And I should see "This is a multianswer question with an image in the old"
+    And I should see "This is a multichoice question with an image in the old"
+    When I press "Continue"
+    Then I should see "cloze question with image"
+    Then I should see "mcq with image"

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/broken_cloze_questions.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 1  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name>
+      <text>Multianswer question without subquestions</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text>Please select the fruits.</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+  <!-- question: 2  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name>
+      <text>Multichoice subquestion without choices</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text>Please select the fruits {1:MULTICHOICE}</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+  <!-- question: 3  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name>
+      <text>Multichoice subquestion with only one choice</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text>Please select the fruits {1:MULTICHOICE:=Apple#Correct}</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+  <!-- question: 4  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name>
+      <text>Multichoice subquestion with no completely correct answer</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text>Please select the fruits {1:MULTICHOICE:Pear#Incorrect~%50%Apple#Correct}</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+    <!-- question: 5  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name>
+      <text>Numerical subquestion with buggy answer</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text>What grade would you give it? {3:NUMERICAL:=zero}</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/categories_reverse_order.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>$course$/Sigma/Tau</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="html">
+        <text>This is Tau category for test</text>
+    </info>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 106  -->
+  <question type="essay">
+    <name>
+      <text>Tau Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>Testing Tau Question</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>0.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <responseformat>editor</responseformat>
+    <responserequired>1</responserequired>
+    <responsefieldlines>15</responsefieldlines>
+    <attachments>0</attachments>
+    <attachmentsrequired>0</attachmentsrequired>
+    <graderinfo format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </graderinfo>
+    <responsetemplate format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </responsetemplate>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>$course$/Sigma</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="html">
+        <text>This is Sigma category for test</text>
+    </info>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 105  -->
+  <question type="shortanswer">
+    <name>
+      <text>Sigma Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>Testing Sigma Question</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <usecase>0</usecase>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>yes</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>no</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>may be</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/category_with_description.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>$course$/Alpha</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="moodle_auto_format">
+        <text>This is Alpha category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber>alpha-idnumber</idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 91  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Alpha Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Alpha Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/error_invalid_grades.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 1  -->
+  <question type="multichoice">
+    <name>
+      <text><![CDATA[Question with <strong>invalid grades</strong> : x > 1 & x < 2]]></text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[Select all prime numbers :<br>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>0.3333333</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <single>false</single>
+    <shuffleanswers>true</shuffleanswers>
+    <answernumbering>abc</answernumbering>
+    <showstandardinstruction>0</showstandardinstruction>
+    <correctfeedback format="html">
+      <text>Your answer is correct.</text>
+    </correctfeedback>
+    <partiallycorrectfeedback format="html">
+      <text>Your answer is partially correct.</text>
+    </partiallycorrectfeedback>
+    <incorrectfeedback format="html">
+      <text>Your answer is incorrect.</text>
+    </incorrectfeedback>
+    <shownumcorrect/>
+    <answer fraction="-50" format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">1<br></p>]]></text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="33" format="html"> <!-- Invalid grade. -->
+      <text><![CDATA[<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">2<br></p>]]></text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="33.33333" format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">3<br></p>]]></text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="-50" format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">4<br></p>]]></text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="33.33333" format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">5<br></p>]]></text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/export_category.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Alpha</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>This is Alpha category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber>alpha-idnumber</idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 91  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Alpha Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Alpha Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/html_chars_in_idnumbers.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Alpha</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>This is Alpha category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber>The inequalities &lt; &amp; &gt;</idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 91  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Alpha Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Alpha Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber>T &amp; F</idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/nested_categories.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Delta</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="plain_text">
+      <text>This is Delta category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Delta/Epsilon</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="markdown">
+      <text>This is Epsilon category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Delta/Epsilon/Zeta</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>This is Zeta category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 93  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Zeta Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Zeta Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/nested_categories_with_questions.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Iota</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="plain_text">
+      <text>This is Iota category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 96  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Iota Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Iota Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Iota/Kappa</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="markdown">
+      <text>This is Kappa category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 106  -->
+  <question type="essay">
+    <name>
+      <text>Kappa Essay Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>Testing Kappa Essay Question</text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>0.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <responseformat>editor</responseformat>
+    <responserequired>1</responserequired>
+    <responsefieldlines>10</responsefieldlines>
+    <minwordlimit></minwordlimit>
+    <maxwordlimit></maxwordlimit>
+    <attachments>0</attachments>
+    <attachmentsrequired>0</attachmentsrequired>
+    <maxbytes>0</maxbytes>
+    <filetypeslist></filetypeslist>
+    <graderinfo format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </graderinfo>
+    <responsetemplate format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </responsetemplate>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 97  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Kappa Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Kappa Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Iota/Kappa/Lambda</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>This is Lambda category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 98  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Lambda Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Lambda Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+      <text>$course$/Iota/Mu</text>
+    </category>
+    <info format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>This is Mu category for test</text>
+    </info>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 99  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Mu Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Mu Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <idnumber></idnumber>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/old_format_file.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>$course$/Pi</text>
+    </category>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 103  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Pi Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Pi Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>$course$/Pi/Rho</text>
+    </category>
+  </question>
+
+<!-- question: 104  -->
+  <question type="truefalse">
+    <name>
+      <text>Rho Question</text>
+    </name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+      <text><![CDATA[<p>Testing Rho Question</p>]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <generalfeedback format="html">
+      <text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1.0000000</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>1.0000000</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <answer fraction="100" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>true</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+    <answer fraction="0" format="moodle_auto_format">
+      <text>false</text>
+      <feedback format="html">
+        <text></text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+  </question>
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/fixtures/sample_questions_with_old_image_tag.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<quiz>
+
+
+<!-- question: 0  -->
+  <question type="category">
+    <category>
+        <text>$course$/Default for Test images in backup</text>
+
+    </category>
+  </question>
+
+
+
+<!-- question: 5  -->
+  <question type="cloze">
+    <name><text>cloze question with image</text>
+</name>
+    <questiontext>
+<text><![CDATA[This is a multianswer question with an image in the old &quot;image&quot; field that was used in moodle 1.9.<br />Match the following cities with the correct state:<br />* San Francisco: {1:MULTICHOICE:=California#OK~Arizona#Wrong}<br />* Tucson: {1:MULTICHOICE:California#Wrong~%100%Arizona#OK}<br />* Los Angeles: {1:MULTICHOICE:=California#OK~Arizona#Wrong}<br />* Phoenix: {1:MULTICHOICE:%0%California#Wrong~=Arizona#OK}<br />The capital of France is {1:SHORTANSWER:%100%Paris#Congratulations!<br />~%50%Marseille#No, that is the second largest city in France (after<br />Paris).~*#Wrong answer. The capital of France is Paris, of course.}.<br />]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+<image>moodle.png</image>
+    <image_base64>
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
+
+    </image_base64>
+    <generalfeedback>
+<text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <shuffleanswers>0</shuffleanswers>
+</question>
+
+
+
+<!-- question: 4  -->
+  <question type="multichoice">
+    <name><text>mcq with image</text>
+</name>
+    <questiontext format="html">
+<text><![CDATA[This is a multichoice question with an image in the old &quot;image&quot; field that was used in Moodle 1.9]]></text>
+    </questiontext>
+    <image>moodle.png</image>
+    <image_base64>
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
+
+    </image_base64>
+    <generalfeedback>
+<text></text>
+    </generalfeedback>
+    <defaultgrade>1</defaultgrade>
+    <penalty>0.1</penalty>
+    <hidden>0</hidden>
+    <shuffleanswers>1</shuffleanswers>
+    <single>true</single>
+    <shuffleanswers>true</shuffleanswers>
+    <correctfeedback>      <text></text>
+</correctfeedback>
+    <partiallycorrectfeedback>      <text></text>
+</partiallycorrectfeedback>
+    <incorrectfeedback>      <text></text>
+</incorrectfeedback>
+    <answernumbering>abc</answernumbering>
+      <answer fraction="0">
+        <text>
+wrong answer
+        </text>
+      <feedback>
+          <text>
+
+          </text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+      <answer fraction="0">
+        <text>
+another wrong answer
+        </text>
+      <feedback>
+          <text>
+
+          </text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+      <answer fraction="100">
+        <text>
+right answer
+        </text>
+      <feedback>
+          <text>
+
+          </text>
+      </feedback>
+    </answer>
+</question>
+
+
+</quiz>

question/format/xml/tests/qformat_xml_import_export_test.php

@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+/**
+ * Unit tests for export/import description (info) for question category in the Moodle XML format.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xml
+ * @copyright  2014 Nikita Nikitsky, Volgograd State Technical University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+use core_question\local\bank\question_edit_contexts;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+global $CFG;
+require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format/xml/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/format.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/engine/tests/helpers.php');
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/editlib.php');
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for the XML question format import and export.
+ *
+ * @copyright  2014 Nikita Nikitsky, Volgograd State Technical University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class qformat_xml_import_export_test extends advanced_testcase {
+    /**
+     * Create object qformat_xml for test.
+     * @param string $filename with name for testing file.
+     * @param stdClass $course
+     * @return qformat_xml XML question format object.
+     */
+    public function create_qformat($filename, $course) {
+        $qformat = new qformat_xml();
+        $qformat->setContexts((new question_edit_contexts(context_course::instance($course->id)))->all());
+        $qformat->setCourse($course);
+        $qformat->setFilename(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/' . $filename);
+        $qformat->setRealfilename($filename);
+        $qformat->setMatchgrades('error');
+        $qformat->setCatfromfile(1);
+        $qformat->setContextfromfile(1);
+        $qformat->setStoponerror(1);
+        $qformat->setCattofile(1);
+        $qformat->setContexttofile(1);
+        $qformat->set_display_progress(false);
+
+        return $qformat;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check xml for compliance.
+     * @param string $expectedxml with correct string.
+     * @param string $xml you want to check.
+     */
+    public function assert_same_xml($expectedxml, $xml) {
+        $this->assertEquals($this->normalise_xml($expectedxml),
+                $this->normalise_xml($xml));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clean up some XML to remove irrelevant differences, before it is compared.
+     * @param string $xml some XML.
+     * @return string cleaned-up XML.
+     */
+    protected function normalise_xml($xml) {
+        // Normalise line endings.
+        $xml = phpunit_util::normalise_line_endings($xml);
+        $xml = preg_replace("~\n$~", "", $xml); // Strip final newline in file.
+
+        // Replace all numbers in question id comments with 0.
+        $xml = preg_replace('~(?<=<!-- question: )([0-9]+)(?=  -->)~', '0', $xml);
+
+        // Deal with how different databases output numbers. Only match when only thing in a tag.
+        $xml = preg_replace("~>.0000000<~", '>0<', $xml); // How Oracle outputs 0.0000000.
+        $xml = preg_replace("~(\.(:?[0-9]*[1-9])?)0*<~", '$1<', $xml); // Other cases of trailing 0s
+        $xml = preg_replace("~([0-9]).<~", '$1<', $xml); // Stray . in 1. after last step.
+
+        return $xml;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check imported category.
+     * @param string $name imported category name.
+     * @param string $info imported category info field (description of category).
+     * @param int $infoformat imported category info field format.
+     */
+    public function assert_category_imported($name, $info, $infoformat, $idnumber = null) {
+        global $DB;
+        $category = $DB->get_record('question_categories', ['name' => $name], '*', MUST_EXIST);
+        $this->assertEquals($info, $category->info);
+        $this->assertEquals($infoformat, $category->infoformat);
+        $this->assertSame($idnumber, $category->idnumber);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check a question category has a given parent.
+     * @param string $catname Name of the question category
+     * @param string $parentname Name of the parent category
+     * @throws dml_exception
+     */
+    public function assert_category_has_parent($catname, $parentname) {
+        global $DB;
+        $sql = 'SELECT qc1.*
+                  FROM {question_categories} qc1
+                  JOIN {question_categories} qc2 ON qc1.parent = qc2.id
+                 WHERE qc1.name = ?
+                   AND qc2.name = ?';
+        $categories = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, [$catname, $parentname]);
+        $this->assertTrue(count($categories) == 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check a question exists in a category.
+     * @param string $qname The name of the question
+     * @param string $catname The name of the category
+     * @throws dml_exception
+     */
+    public function assert_question_in_category($qname, $catname) {
+        global $DB;
+
+        $sql = "SELECT q.*, qbe.questioncategoryid AS category
+                  FROM {question} q
+                  JOIN {question_versions} qv ON qv.questionid = q.id
+                  JOIN {question_bank_entries} qbe ON qbe.id = qv.questionbankentryid
+                 WHERE q.name = :name";
+        $question = $DB->get_record_sql($sql, ['name' => $qname], MUST_EXIST);
+        $category = $DB->get_record('question_categories', ['name' => $catname], '*', MUST_EXIST);
+        $this->assertEquals($category->id, $question->category);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Simple check for importing a category with a description.
+     */
+    public function test_import_category(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('category_with_description.xml', $course);
+        $imported = $qformat->importprocess();
+        $this->assertTrue($imported);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Alpha',
+                'This is Alpha category for test', FORMAT_MOODLE, 'alpha-idnumber');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Alpha', 'top');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check importing nested categories.
+     */
+    public function test_import_nested_categories(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('nested_categories.xml', $course);
+        $imported = $qformat->importprocess();
+        $this->assertTrue($imported);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Delta', 'This is Delta category for test', FORMAT_PLAIN);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Epsilon', 'This is Epsilon category for test', FORMAT_MARKDOWN);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Zeta', 'This is Zeta category for test', FORMAT_MOODLE);
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Delta', 'top');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Epsilon', 'Delta');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Zeta', 'Epsilon');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check importing nested categories contain the right questions.
+     */
+    public function test_import_nested_categories_with_questions(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('nested_categories_with_questions.xml', $course);
+        $imported = $qformat->importprocess();
+        $this->assertTrue($imported);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Iota', 'This is Iota category for test', FORMAT_PLAIN);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Kappa', 'This is Kappa category for test', FORMAT_MARKDOWN);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Lambda', 'This is Lambda category for test', FORMAT_MOODLE);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Mu', 'This is Mu category for test', FORMAT_MOODLE);
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Iota Question', 'Iota');
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Kappa Question', 'Kappa');
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Lambda Question', 'Lambda');
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Mu Question', 'Mu');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Iota', 'top');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Kappa', 'Iota');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Lambda', 'Kappa');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Mu', 'Iota');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check import of an old file (without format), for backward compatability.
+     */
+    public function test_import_old_format(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('old_format_file.xml', $course);
+        $imported = $qformat->importprocess();
+        $this->assertTrue($imported);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Pi', '', FORMAT_MOODLE);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Rho', '', FORMAT_MOODLE);
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Pi Question', 'Pi');
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Rho Question', 'Rho');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Pi', 'top');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Rho', 'Pi');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check the import of an xml file where the child category exists before the parent category.
+     */
+    public function test_import_categories_in_reverse_order(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('categories_reverse_order.xml', $course);
+        $imported = $qformat->importprocess();
+        $this->assertTrue($imported);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Sigma', 'This is Sigma category for test', FORMAT_HTML);
+        $this->assert_category_imported('Tau', 'This is Tau category for test', FORMAT_HTML);
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Sigma Question', 'Sigma');
+        $this->assert_question_in_category('Tau Question', 'Tau');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Sigma', 'top');
+        $this->assert_category_has_parent('Tau', 'Sigma');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check exception when importing questions with invalid grades.
+     *
+     * @covers \qformat_default::importprocess
+     */
+    public function test_import_invalid_grades(): void {
+        global $OUTPUT;
+
+        $this->resetAfterTest(true);
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('error_invalid_grades.xml', $course);
+
+        ob_start();
+        $imported = $qformat->importprocess();
+        $output = ob_get_clean();
+
+        $a = ['grades' => '0.33', 'question' => 'Question with invalid grades : x > 1 & x < 2'];
+        $expectedoutput = $OUTPUT->notification(get_string('invalidgradequestion', 'question', $a));
+        $expectedoutput .= $OUTPUT->notification(get_string('importparseerror', 'question'));
+
+        $this->assertFalse($imported);
+        $this->assertEquals($expectedoutput, $output);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Simple check for exporting a category.
+     */
+    public function test_export_category(): void {
+        global $SITE;
+
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        // Note while this loads $qformat with all the 'right' data from the xml file,
+        // the call to setCategory, followed by exportprocess will actually only export data
+        // from the database (created by the generator).
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('export_category.xml', $SITE);
+
+        $category = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Alpha',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Alpha category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '0',
+                'idnumber' => 'alpha-idnumber',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => '0',
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $question = $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $category->id,
+                'name' => 'Alpha Question',
+                'questiontext' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => '<p>Testing Alpha Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1']);
+        $qformat->setCategory($category);
+
+        $expectedxml = file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/export_category.xml');
+        $this->assert_same_xml($expectedxml, $qformat->exportprocess());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check exporting nested categories.
+     */
+    public function test_export_nested_categories(): void {
+        global $SITE;
+
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('nested_categories.zml', $SITE);
+
+        $categorydelta = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Delta',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Delta category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '2',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => '0',
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $categoryepsilon = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Epsilon',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Epsilon category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '4',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => $categorydelta->id,
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $categoryzeta = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Zeta',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Zeta category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '0',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => $categoryepsilon->id,
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $question  = $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $categoryzeta->id,
+                'name' => 'Zeta Question',
+                'questiontext' => [
+                                'format' => '1',
+                                'text' => '<p>Testing Zeta Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1']);
+        $qformat->setCategory($categorydelta);
+        $qformat->setCategory($categoryepsilon);
+        $qformat->setCategory($categoryzeta);
+
+        $expectedxml = file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/nested_categories.xml');
+        $this->assert_same_xml($expectedxml, $qformat->exportprocess());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check exporting nested categories contain the right questions.
+     */
+    public function test_export_nested_categories_with_questions(): void {
+        global $SITE;
+
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('nested_categories_with_questions.xml', $SITE);
+
+        $categoryiota = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Iota',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Iota category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '2',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => '0',
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $iotaquestion  = $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $categoryiota->id,
+                'name' => 'Iota Question',
+                'questiontext' => [
+                        'format' => '1',
+                        'text' => '<p>Testing Iota Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1']);
+        $categorykappa = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Kappa',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Kappa category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '4',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => $categoryiota->id,
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $kappaquestion  = $generator->create_question('essay', null, [
+                'category' => $categorykappa->id,
+                'name' => 'Kappa Essay Question',
+                'questiontext' => ['text' => 'Testing Kappa Essay Question'],
+                'generalfeedback' => '',
+                'responseformat' => 'editor',
+                'responserequired' => 1,
+                'responsefieldlines' => 10,
+                'attachments' => 0,
+                'attachmentsrequired' => 0,
+                'graderinfo' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'responsetemplate' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'idnumber' => '']);
+        $kappaquestion1  = $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $categorykappa->id,
+                'name' => 'Kappa Question',
+                'questiontext' => [
+                        'format' => '1',
+                        'text' => '<p>Testing Kappa Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1',
+                'idnumber' => '']);
+        $categorylambda = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Lambda',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Lambda category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '0',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => $categorykappa->id,
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $lambdaquestion  = $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $categorylambda->id,
+                'name' => 'Lambda Question',
+                'questiontext' => [
+                        'format' => '1',
+                        'text' => '<p>Testing Lambda Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1']);
+        $categorymu = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Mu',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Mu category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '0',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => $categoryiota->id,
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $muquestion  = $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $categorymu->id,
+                'name' => 'Mu Question',
+                'questiontext' => [
+                        'format' => '1',
+                        'text' => '<p>Testing Mu Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1']);
+        $qformat->setCategory($categoryiota);
+
+        $expectedxml = file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/nested_categories_with_questions.xml');
+        $this->assert_same_xml($expectedxml, $qformat->exportprocess());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Simple check for exporting a category.
+     */
+    public function test_export_category_with_special_chars(): void {
+        global $SITE;
+
+        $generator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+        // Note while this loads $qformat with all the 'right' data from the xml file,
+        // the call to setCategory, followed by exportprocess will actually only export data
+        // from the database (created by the generator).
+        $qformat = $this->create_qformat('export_category.xml', $SITE);
+
+        $category = $generator->create_question_category([
+                'name' => 'Alpha',
+                'contextid' => context_course::instance($SITE->id)->id,
+                'info' => 'This is Alpha category for test',
+                'infoformat' => '0',
+                'idnumber' => 'The inequalities < & >',
+                'stamp' => make_unique_id_code(),
+                'parent' => '0',
+                'sortorder' => '999']);
+        $generator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
+                'category' => $category->id,
+                'name' => 'Alpha Question',
+                'questiontext' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => '<p>Testing Alpha Question</p>'],
+                'generalfeedback' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'idnumber' => 'T & F',
+                'correctanswer' => '1',
+                'feedbacktrue' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'feedbackfalse' => ['format' => '1', 'text' => ''],
+                'penalty' => '1']);
+        $qformat->setCategory($category);
+
+        $expectedxml = file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/html_chars_in_idnumbers.xml');
+        $this->assert_same_xml($expectedxml, $qformat->exportprocess());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that bad multianswer questions are not imported.
+     */
+    public function test_import_broken_multianswer_questions(): void {
+        $lines = file(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/broken_cloze_questions.xml');
+        $importer = $qformat = new qformat_xml();
+
+        // The importer echoes some errors, so we need to capture and check that.
+        ob_start();
+        $questions = $importer->readquestions($lines);
+        $output = ob_get_contents();
+        ob_end_clean();
+
+        // Check that there were some expected errors.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Error importing question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Invalid embedded answers (Cloze) question', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('This type of question requires at least 2 choices', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('The answer must be a number, for example -1.234 or 3e8, or \'*\'.', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('One of the answers should have a score of 100% so it is possible to get full marks for this question.',
+                $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('The question text must include at least one embedded answer.', $output);
+
+        // No question  have been imported.
+        $this->assertCount(0, $questions);
+    }
+}

question/format/xml/version.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+/**
+ * Version information for the calculated question type.
+ *
+ * @package    qformat_xml
+ * @copyright  2011 The Open University
+ * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+
+$plugin->component = 'qformat_xml';
+$plugin->version   = 2024042200;
+
+$plugin->requires  = 2024041600;
+
+$plugin->maturity  = MATURITY_STABLE;